Plants Fungi Monera Protists Classification Year 7 2015

Plants Plants are classified into two different phyla The following characteristics determine where the plants fit How they feed Reproduction Their physical features VASCULAR PLANTS BRYOPHYTES

Angiosperms Conifers Cycads Gingkos Ferns VASCULAR PLANTS Vascular plants all have VASCULAR bundles These vascular bundles transport liquid and nutrients around the plant Most plants exist within this phylum The classes are Angiosperms Conifers Cycads Gingkos Ferns

Angiosperms Angiosperms are also called the “flowering plants” and is the largest class of vascular plants There are more than 250 000 species of flowering plants. These include flowers, vegetables, grasses, trees and herbs. Angiosperms always develop seeds inside the flower, which later becomes the fruit Angiosperms can be further divided into MONOTCOTS and DICOTS (depending on the number of leaves sprouting from their seed)

Angiosperms

Gymnosperms Gymnosperms contain the conifers, cycads and gingko plants. All gymnosperms produce cones instead of flowers.

Conifers Conifers do not produce seeds within fruit. They produce seeds on the scales of a woody cone They typically have needle like leaves

Cycads There are now 150 different species of Cycad in the world. In the Jurassic Period (200 million years ago) the Cycad were the dominant plant life

Ginkgopsida There is only one species native to China Ginkgo biloba or ‘maidenhair tree’ bears its seeds in cones Unlike the other gymnosperms Ginkgo is deciduous. Meaning it drops its leaves in winter.

Ferns Ferns are in a separate class as they do not produce flowers or cones. (Filicopsida) Instead, ferns produce spores on their leaves Ferns have two reproductive cycles, an asexual and sexual phase There are about 10 000 different species of fern

Ferns Ferns like to live in damp conditions and are common in forests near the base of trees.

Bryophytes Bryophytes are NON-VASCULAR plants They are generally small plants, that live in damp areas Bryophytes contain the classes of MOSSES LIVERWORTS HORNWORTS

Mosses Mosses have no waterproof outer layer to protect them from drying out so they need to live in moist areas They do not have true roots, so to anchor themselves they use small shoots called rhizoids

Liverworts & Hornworts Liverworts are similar to mosses, their common name is derived from their liver shaped leaves. Hornworts get their common name from the horn shaped sporophyte

Fungi Fungi are another kingdom of living things They are different to plants as they do not contain chlorophyll. Therefore they cannot make their own food using photosynthesis This means they are HETEROTROPHIC. There are over 50 000 different species of fungi Types of fungi include mushrooms, toadstools, moulds, mildew and yeast

Fungi

Monera This kingdom is also called PROKARYOTE This kingdom contains unicellular (one celled) organisms Characteristics include No nucleus No organelles (except ribosomes) Examples include Bacteria and Blue-Green Algae

Prokaryote (Monera)

Protista Protozoan are simple organisms that share characteristics of both plant and animal cells. Because of this they fall into two phyla Algae – plant like Protozoa – animal like They are usually unicellular and microscopic They can be autotrophic (algae) or heterotrophic (protozoan)

Protista