Native American Regional Groups Gulf Plains Plains Puebloan Southeastern

Native Indians

Gulf Coast Culture

Gulf Plains Native Americans Settled in the Gulf Coast region because of an abundance of fresh water and natural resources

Karankawa Daily Life- Wore skirts of deer skin or grass Nomads- people who move from place to place. Painted themselves with bright colors Treated children with kindness Children had two names, one only the family knew. Used magic that protected children from danger. Relied on food sources and materials that they could find By 1850 there were none left.

Coahuiltecan Located in southern Texas also nomads in search for buffalo, deer and small mammals. Ate eggs, lizards, snakes, spiders and worms Had stone hammers and knives, bows and arrows to hunt. Feasted and danced all night celebrations called Mitotes Died from European disease and attacks by Apache Indians.

Southeastern

Caddo Farmers in eastern Texas Built permanent villages and practiced crop rotation Grew beans, corn, squash, sunflower seeds and tobacco Women did all the farming, the men cleared the fields and made farm tools Organized themselves into three confederacies that shared common language and were allies or friends Were a matrilineal society- traced through the mothers side Women made decisions for family. 10 to 20 people lived in the household

Plains Culture

Plains Indians Lived in Teepees, by 1700 most owned horses. Comanche- Migrated to the Great Plains region during the 1700’s Skilled warriors and hunters of Buffalo Kiowa Last Plains group to arrive in Texas Traded with neighboring groups, but did not farm Allies with the Comanches.

Puebloan Culture

Puebloan Built houses out of adobe bricks, made from drying clay mud in the sun The Jumano Gathered wild plants for food and hunted Buffalo. Droughts were always a problem for them Attacked by the Apache