American II Unit 2 Review Presentation Let’s review it up!!

Economic and Military Factors. Why Imperialize?? Economic and Military Factors. Economic- provide markets for our industrial goods Military- more land means more power, more land to help refuel our ships.

Spanish American War Fueled by Yellow Journalism Articles in the “Yellow Press” painted the Spanish as the bad guys. USS Maine blows up- Headline “The USS Maine was the work of an Enemy!” “Remember the Maine to Hell with Spain!”

Foreign Policies Teddy’s- “Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick.” Military based. Build up your military force so that people will listen to you and do what you say. Taft’s- “Dollar Diplomacy.” Financially based. We use our wealth to get people to do what we want. Wilson’s- “Moral Diplomacy.” Behavior based. If a country is not living up to our own moral and ethical standards (example: human rights abuses), then we will not recognize them.

Hays’ Open Door Notes This was an agreement among the top industrial nations, of which we were a part of, to keep China open for business. Essentially, this means that no one imperial power will get direct control over China. Instead All Industrial Nations will be able to conduct their business in China. Not consulted about this plan: China.

US Intervention in Latin America. We did this, mainly, to protect our economic interests. We want Latin America all to ourselves. Monroe Doctrine (1820)- Says the Western Hemisphere is ours, Europe stay out! Roosevelt Corollary- Says if any Imperial Nation wants to do business in Latin America they have to talk to us first. Basically makes us the boss of our hemisphere. Not consulted: Latin America.

We need the canal for military and economic motivating factors. Panama Canal We help Panama gain independence from Columbia, then we build the canal through Panama. We need the canal for military and economic motivating factors.

WWI Wilson wants to keep America out of WWI, but soon finds he can’t. Reasons Sinking of the Lusitania by the Germans kills over 100 Americans in 1915. Germans are sinking our ships (unrestricted submarine warfare) Zimmermann Telegram is intercepted and shows that Germany is plotting to get Mexico to join them in war against us. We enter the war in 1917.

WWI Warfare First Industrial War Planes, Poison Gas, Trench Warfare, Machine Gun, Tanks, etc. All this results in a stalemate, that we break by entering the war and tipping the balance in favor of the Allies.

The Peace Wilson wants “Peace Without Victory.” Britain wants money. France wants money and to punish Germany. France wins out. Germany has to pay Billions in reparations, their military is cut down to almost nothing, and they lose all their colonies.

Wilson’s 14 Points He has 14 ways in which, he believes, the world can avoid war forever. One is the League of Nations, a group of nations that would meet and help settle disputes before they turned into warfare. He is successful in getting this into the Treaty of Versailles, but America ultimately does not ratify the Treaty. Opposition to the League- Isolationists did not think the League would benefit us and would only drag us into more wars. Henry Cabot Lodge leads the Isolationist movement.

War at Home Committee of Public Information- This was our propaganda organization within the government to help shape public opinion against the Germans. Posters urged men, often questioning their “manhood,” to join in the fight against the “Evil Hun.” They also made sure newspapers were not printing critical stories about the war.

Espionage and Sedition Acts Passed by Congress and made it crime, in a time of war, to speak out against the government. People who were critical of the government, and voiced their opinions, were thrown in jail. This is a clear violation of 1st Amendment rights, but hey.