Subtraction Page 33 - 59

Subtracting Larger Numbers Pages 37 – 38 Subtracting Larger Numbers Parts of a Subtraction Problem 6 minuend -2  subtrahend 4  difference Subtract the column at the right first, & then move to the next column to the left. Continue until you have subtracted each column of figures. To check a subtraction problem, add the answer to the bottom number of the original problem. The sum should be the top number of the original problem.

Example Pages 37 – 38 Subtract & Check 1) 34 – 22 2) 874,395 – 211,243 1) 34 – 22 2) 874,395 – 211,243 12 663,152

Group Work Pages 37 – 38 Subtract & Check 1) 916 2) 567 – 503 –356 1) 916 2) 567 – 503 –356 3) 9,161 4) 5,467 –5,031 –3,245 5) 255,694 6) 860,956 –241,454 –360,224 413 211 4,130 2,222 14,240 500,732

Subtracting & Borrowing Pages 39 – 43 Subtracting & Borrowing When a digit in the subtrahend (the bottom number) is too large to subtract from the digit above it, you have to borrow from the next column to the left in the minuend (the top number). Borrowing is sometimes called regrouping or renaming. Sometimes you have to borrow more than once in the same problem.

Example Pages 39 – 43 Subtract & Check. 1) 67 –8 2) 685,978 –498,369 2) 685,978 –498,369 59 187,609

Group Work Pages 39 – 43 Subtract & Check. 1) 2,328 2) 3,633 1) 2,328 2) 3,633 –1,489 – 794 3) 7,792 4) 9,113 –4,829 –2,058 5) 7,488 6) 8,233 –2,499 –7,148 839 2,839 2,963 7,055 4,989 1,085

Subtracting Numbers Written Horizontally Page 44 Subtracting Numbers Written Horizontally When the numbers you want to subtract are not in vertical columns, rewrite them with the larger number on top. Make sure that you line up the units under the units, the tens under the tens, & so on. Always line up the units column first.

Example Page 44 Subtract & Check. 7,522 – 971 = 15, 697 – 14, 938 = 6,551 755

Group Work Page 44 Subtract & Check. 9,330 – 827 = 5,942 – 307 = 6,752 – 4,397 = 24,143 – 5,048 = 43,524 – 22,685 = 8,503 5,635 2,355 19,095 20,839

Subtracting from Zeros Pages 45 – 48 Subtracting from Zeros You cannot borrow from zeros. When the digit in the column you want to borrow from is zero, move to the next column to the left that does not contain a zero.

Example Pages 45 – 48 Subtract & check 205 – 86 = 40,000 – 6,417 = 119 33583

Group Work Pages 45 – 48 Subtract & Check. 5,020 – 438 = 1,006 – 307 = 9,004 – 2,916 = 50,002 – 23,875 = 8,000 – 927 = 4582 699 6088 26127 7073

Subtraction Shortcuts Page 49 Subtraction Shortcuts When the subtrahend (the number you subtract from another number) ends in zero, you can subtract in your head. Any number minus zero is that number. Sometimes you can change a subtraction problem to a similar problem that is easier to subtract.

Page 49 Example Rewrite each problem as a similar problem with a subtrahend (the bottom number) that ends in zero. Remember to add to both numbers in the problem. Then subtract the new numbers. 83 – 26 = 131 – 47 = 57 84

Page 49 Group Work Rewrite each problem as a similar problem with a subtrahend (the bottom number) that ends in zero. Remember to add to both numbers in the problem. Then subtract the new numbers. 92 – 45 = 96 – 38 = 104 – 88 = 71 – 35 = 85 – 56 = 64 – 19 = 47 58 16 36 29 45

Applying Your Subtraction Skills Pages 52 – 56 Applying Your Subtraction Skills Pay close attention to the language that tells you to subtract. Watch for words such as difference, balance, how many more, how much larger, & how much change. Line up money problems carefully.