Current Radiation Protection Legislation in Slovakia D. Viktory National Public Health Institute of the SR

Nuclear Facility Nuclear facility means (Act No. 130/98 on peaceful use of nuclear energy) Nuclear installations incorporating a nuclear reactor utilizing a controlled fission chain reaction, Installations and facilities for the production, treatment and storage of nuclear materials, Installations and facilities for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel Installations and facilities for the processing, management, storage and disposal of radioactive waste

Nuclear Facilities in Slovakia NPPs in operation Bohunice V1 – 2 units VVER 440 type 230 Bohunice V2 – 2 units VVER 440 type 213 Mochovce - 2 units VVER 440 type 213 NPP in decommissioning - Bohunice A1 Interim storage for spent fuel - Bohunice Conditioning center for radioactive waste Bohunice incineration bitumenation cementation vitrification Research Institute for Nuclear Facilities Experimental units for conditioning of radwaste Near surface disposal of radwaste Mochovce

Nuclear Safety and Radiation protection Nuclear safety- means the status and ability of a nuclear installation and its staff to prevent the uncontrolled development of a fission chain reaction or the unsanctioned release of radioactive substances or ionizing radiation into the workplace or environment and to limit the consequences of accidents (Act No.130/1998 on peaceful use of nuclear energy) Radiation Protection - means a system of technical and organizational measures to limit radiation exposure (Act No. 272/1994 on protection of the public health)

Nuclear Safety and Radiation protection

Development in the past ten years Act No. 71/1967 on procedures in state administration

Authorities in Radiation Protection Authority Responsibility Supervising body

Responsibilities of the Chief Hygienist Licence (permit) issuing for practices (sources class 6) and nationally important (production of sources) Licence issuing for activities important from RP view (services) Judgments to construction, commissioning and decommissioning of nuclear installations Establishment of examination committees General management of radiation protection

Responsibilities of Regional Hygienist Licence issuing for practices - sources class 4 and 5 Notification of practices with sources class 2 and 3 Judgments on construction of working places with sources class 4 and 5 Establishment of examination committees on regional level

Inspectors and their empowerment The Inspectors are empowered: To have a free entrance on sites, grounds, into the objects to take samples and to measure to ask for the documentations and to control the documents and results of monitoring The Inspectors are not empowered: to give sanctions, to give orders to stop the practice

Comments to selected terms Radiation protection Practice Intervention Source Occupationally exposed worker Radiation incident and accident Controlled area

Categorization of radiation sources 6 classes Problem of two scales used Categorization of nuclear reactor, nuclear installations and facilities, and radionuclides produced by reactor operation Radioactive waste from nuclear installations

Comments to framework and basic principles Practice justification optimization limitation and limits Intervention limitation

Optimization of radiation protection Guidance levels for demonstration of optimization: Collective eff.dose 100 man mSv/a Collective eff.dose 20man mSv for the task worker 1 mSv/a Public collective eff.dose 1 manSv/a Member of critical groupe 10 micro Sv/a Demonstration of optimization during licensing Demonstration of optimization during operation

Monetary values for optimization - workers

Monetary values for optimization - public

Exposure limits Workers Population Effective dose 50 mSv per year Effective dose 100 mSv per 5 consecutive years Equivalent dose 150 mSv per year - lens of eye Equivalent dose 500 mSv per year- skin, extremities Population Effective dose1 mSv per year Equivalent dose 15 mSv per year-lens of eye Equivalent dose 50 mSv per year-skin, extremities

Natural radiation sources Radiation protection of the public Duties of the dwelling construction investors to monitor the radon activity in soil to report the results to PHI to make countermeasures, if action level of radon in soil was exceeded

Natural radiation sources Radiation protection of the public Duties of the building material producers and the drinking water providers to monitor the activity to report the results to PHI to make countermeasures if action level is exceeded, and to have the permit of the DH not to distribute if limit of activity exceeded

Natural radiation sources Radiation protection of workers Duties of employer to make countermeasures, if derived action level exceeded If the action level is still exceeded: to ensure monitoring to report results to PHI to evaluate dose exposures, to keep limits and to keep dose records to appoint person responsible for RP

Release of radioactive materials in envinronment Release of daily used articles from controlled area, Release of radioactive discharges, Clearance of radioactive and contaminated materials

Normalized collective doses

Discharges - Airborne Tritium

Discharges - Airborne beta-gama

Discharges - Airborne I-131

Discharges - Noble Gases

Discharges - Liquid Tritium

Discharges - Liquid Beta-Gama

Conclusions Generally the legislation in radiation protection harmonizes with BSS System of radiation protection and the level achieved is comparable with EU countries The development of third level of radiation protection regulations (guidance, instructions) is necessary Improvement of selected provisions in legislation is necessary Existence of two authorities should be revaluated