Warm-Up 5/21 Who are these men? What is this political cartoon trying to say? Anything surprising about it?

Agenda 5/21 Warm Up HW Check and Review Communist China Notes and Video Finish “Thirteen Days”

Remember Mao? Q: Where did we leave Mao Zedong? A: On the Long March, started in 1934 Q: What do you remember about Mao? Leader of the Communists Created the Red Army “The Great Helmsman” Leader of the May Fourth Movement

WWII and Civil War Chinese fought on the side of the Allies during WWII The two sides – Communists and Nationalists – united to fight the Japanese Once the war ends, civil war resumes from 1946- 1949

Communists Leader: Mao Zedong Stronghold in Northern China Taught literacy and improved food production which gained peasants’ support Trained in guerilla warfare Enthusiastic about promise of returning lands to peasants

Nationalists Leader: Jiang Jieshi Outnumbered the Communists Received $2 billion in aid from U.S. Did not win popular support Many soldiers deserted

The Course of Civil War Spring 1949, major cities fall to Communists one by one Nationalists flee south Oct. 1949, Communists gain control of economy and proclaim it the People’s Republic of China Jiang and Nationalist retreat to Taiwan

People’s Republic of China

People’s Republic of China Communists Mainland China 3.5 million square miles Get aid from the Soviet Union Pledge to come to the aid of the Soviets if they are attacked

Republic of China (Taiwan) Nationalists Gets aid from the U.S. 13,000 square miles

Spread of Communist China Mao spreads Communism into Inner Mongolia, Tibet and India 1950-51: Infamous assault on Tibet and the Dalai Lama Tibetans flee to India Resentment continues

Mao’s Plans: Economic Recovery Mao starts with a 5-year plan based on Marxist socialism Seizes land and divides among peasants Killed more than 1 mil landowners who opposed this Forced peasants to join collective farms (1953- 1957) Women get equal rights Nationalizes all private companies

The Great Leap Forward Mao’s initial plans succeed…but then comes the Great Leap Forward (1958) Collective farms become communes 15,000 acres; average of 25,000 people “Production battalions” NO individual ownership Huge failure Poor planning hampered growth Crop failures led to a giant famine (20 mil die)

The Cultural Revolution Mao backs off at first Soviet Union stops economic aid 1960 1966: Mao launches the Cultural Revolution Red Guards = militia composed of mainly high school and college students Goal: establish a society of peasants and workers where ALL are equal Intellect and artistic skill considered useless Schools shut down Thousands die or are executed