1. How do Mao and the Communists gain control of China?
Chinese Civil War
How do Mao and the Communists gain control of China? VS

2. vs. Chinese Civil War (1945-1949) Mao Zedong (CCP)
Chiang Kai-Shek (KMT)
Communists
Common Name
Nationalists
Northern China
Area controlled
Southern China
Soviet Union
Foreign Support
United States
Communism and national liberation
Domestic Policy
Capitalism and defeat of Communists
Strong support from peasants
Public Support
Support from wealthy, poor support elsewhere
Experienced, motivated guerilla army
Military Organization
Ineffective, corrupt & poor morale

3. Truce During WW II
Most of the fighting in WW II was done by Mao’s Red Army
During the war US gave $1.5 billion to Nationalists to fight Japan
Most of this money is wasted or “stolen”
Mao’s Red Army (CCP) vs. Chiang’s Nationalist Army (KMT)
US gives an additional $2 billion to help Nationalists beat Communists
Nationalists winning at first but China’s economy worsens
US money is poorly spent & people are upset with Nationalists
Nationalists troops begin defecting to Red Army
By 1949, Mao controls most of China
Chiang and what was left of his army flee to Taiwan

4. People’s Republic of China vs. Republic of China
US helps Chiang set up a govt. on Taiwan & pledges to protect the island
Chiang insists legitimate govt is on Taiwan “Republic of China”
Mao signs a friendship treaty with Soviet Union
Mao insists legit govt is in China “The People’s Republic of China”
UN can’t recognize Mao’s “People’s Republic of China” as legitimate
The “Loss of China” makes US increase their sphere of influence in Asia
Mao Expands China
1950: Red Army invades Tibet. Mao promise self rule, but instead forces Tibet
into communism.
Tibetans protest, Mao crushes protestors w/ Red Army. Dalai Lama must flee
1950: China invades Inner Mongolia and annexes it
Mao stops there since rest of Mongolia was under the
Soviet sphere of Influence

5. Life in Mao’s China
Land Policy
Mao seizes land to give to the peasants
Mao has one million landowners killed who resist
Mao nationalizes all businesses
Great Leap Forward
Large collective farms are formed
Poor planning results in a famine that kills 20 million people
Cultural Revolution
Wants to create more social equality
Forms the Red Guards who were HS & college students loyal to Mao
Red Guards terrorize & re-educate those with an advantage(esp. intellectuals)