Sound Devices Repetition: use of any elements of language (sounds, words, phrases, clauses, or sentences) more than once   Alliteration: the repetition of initial (beginning) sound in a group of words Example: Pure perfect plops pelt my paint-chipped windowpane with precise persistence. Assonance: the repetition of the same vowel sound in a group of words Example: The green machine made keen sounds. Consonance: the repetition of the same consonant sound in a group of words Example: Sandy was washed up on the peninsula’s shore in the sunshine. Refrain: a word, phrase, line, or lines repeated regularly in a poem which usually at the end of each stanza Onomatopoeia: the use of words whose pronunciation imitates or suggests its meaning Examples: Pow! Bam! Slam! Crunch! Ouch! Bark!

Rhyme scheme: a regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem –-usually indicated by a different letter for each new rhyme   Example: Twinkle, twinkle little star. A How I wonder what you are. A Up above the world so high. B Like a diamond in the sky. B End Rhyme: repetition of sounds at the end of words Example: She always had to turn a light beside her attic bed at night. Internal rhyme: rhyming words that fall within the line Example: We’ll drink a toast to those who most believe in what they’ve done. Meter: the rhythmical pattern of the poem determined by the number and types of stresses (beats) in each line