Communicable Diseases Health 2

What Are They? Communicable disease: a disease that is spread from one living thing to another or through the environment Infections: Condition that occurs when pathogens enter the body, multiply, and damage body cells Body can’t fight off = disease develops Infections caused by micro-organisms Too small to see without a microscope Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image © 2008 clix/sxc.hu | This text section may be deleted for presentation.

Forms of Pathogens Pathogens: Organisms that cause disease Viruses: harmless alone, need cells to reproduce (Influenza, AIDS) Bacteria (Foodborne illness, Lyme Disease) Good bacteria: makes vitamins, helps digestion Toxin: kills cells, interferes with functions Fungi (Athlete’s Foot, Ringworm, Yeast Infection) Protozoans (Malaria, Dysentery) Ricketts (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) Bacteria Fungi Protozoan Virus Copyright 2008 PresentationFx.com | Redistribution Prohibited | Image © 2008 clix/sxc.hu | This text section may be deleted for presentation.

How Are They Transmitted Direct Contact: many pathogens are transmitted by making direct contact with an infected person, animal, or environmental object. Indirect Contact: not coming in direct contact with an infected person, animal or env. Contaminated objects: contaminated with infectious discharge or secretion Vector: “third party” carrier that transmits pathogens to humans or other animals Food/water: careless storage or handling of food Stored improper temperature Cross contamination (salmonella) Ingested at improper temperature Consumed contaminated water Contaminated with feces can lead to hepatitis A Deer Tick = VECTOR

Transmission Cont. Airborne: Pathogens from sneeze or cough that travel long distances, and inhaled by new host. Not all diseases can be transmitted through the air Arsenic poison: large amounts of pressure treated dust. Examples: Chicken Pox, Influenza, Tuberculosis

Salmonella Bacteria Whoever ate it Uncooked Chicken GI Track Direct Contact: plate Ingestion

Lyme Disease Vector: Deer Tick New Host: YOU Tick Bite: skin Tick Bite Direct Contact

Preventing Disease Washing Hands Handling Food Properly Most effective method Anti-bacterial soap Germ-X: kills good and bad bacteria/fungi Handling Food Properly Sanitized cooking surfaces Paper towel, not dish towel or sponges Bleach water, anti-bacterial Cook and handle food properly Store and cook at appropriate temperatures Clean food Don’t cross contaminate Ecoli: packaged meat