STANDARD(S): SS8H10 Evaluate key post-World War II developments in Georgia. A) Explain how technology transformed agriculture and created a population shift within the state. B) Explain how the development of Atlanta under mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen Jr. impacted the state. C.) Describe the relationship between the end of the white primary and the 1946 governor's race. 

A) Explain how technology transformed agriculture and created a population shift within the state. Tractors that required less manpower, were created to replace tenant farmers Because of New Deal Programs that paid farmers not to grow crops, there were fewer, but larger farms. Many farmers turned to raising poultry and LIVESTOCK (1/3 OF farming income) The movement of displaced people to the cities to look for work, caused an explosion of industry and tremendous growth in Georgia’s economy

B) Explain how the development of Atlanta under mayors William B B) Explain how the development of Atlanta under mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen Jr. impacted the state. WILLIAM B. HARTSFIELD Atlanta’s First airport IVAN ALLEN JR Sports Franchise Both were Mayors of Atlanta

C.) Describe the relationship between the end of the white primary and the 1946 governor's race.  November 17, 1948 - Atlanta It was one of the most bizarre political episodes in American history. For a brief period of time in 1947, Georgia had three governors.  Eugene Talmadge was elected governor in November, 1946, but died the next month. No one had thought to stipulate what happens if the governor-elect dies before taking office. Legally speaking, there has to be some sort of succession, but the constitution was silent on the issue. A legal “mess” resulted. Ellis Arnall, the outgoing governor, figured he was still governor because there was no one to replace him. Herman Talmadge (Eugene’s son) thought he should be governor because he had received write-in votes during the ’46 election. M. E. Thompson was elected Lieutenant Governor—-he felt the office of governor fell to him because the Georgia constitution stipulated he would become the chief executive upon the death of the governor. It was quite embarrassing for Georgians. Herman Talmadge manipulated the Georgia Legislature into electing him governor in early 1947. Ellis Arnall refused to accept the vote, saying the election of Talmadge was unconstitutional. M. E. Thompson said he would await a Georgia Supreme Court decision—-he was quite confident the judiciary would decide he was the governor; he assumed the mantle of Governor as well. So, there were three men who all said they were governor—-Three Governors.

END OF THE WHITE PRIMARY came with two events, one in Texas, the other in Georgia. The 1944 case of Smith vs. Allwright was  the Supreme Court decision that  ruled the Texas White Primary was unconstitutional. It forced Georgia to allow African-Americans to vote in the Democratic primary. But, the Democrats had other ideas…they wanted to make their primary’s a private club. Governor Ellis Arnall prevented that from happening, and the white primary neared its end. But, it would still be a struggle. • Primus King (below) registered to vote and then tried to vote at the Muscogee County Court House, in Georgia. • He was thrown out. Primus was represented by NAACP and other lawyers. • In King v. Chapman et. al. , the Supreme Court upheld , by actually refusing to hear the case. • The ruling of lower courts won and African-Americans won the vote. • King would not be the last Civil Rights hero with that last name!