IMPERIALISM Policy of controlling or dominating other, weaker countries; an extension of a nation’s power over another land

Phases of Imperialism First phase 1415-1800 Based on the activities of trading companies Focus on the Reconquista and the Americas Conquest, plunder, slavery, and annihilation of indigenous peoples Aztecs- declined from 13 million to 2 million by 1600

Phases of Imperialism cont. Second Phase Late 19th century to World War II Focus was on colonial occupation and governing Targets were Africa, Asia, and the Pacific Economic exploitation European countries took over the productive life of the country Invested capital Turned large portions of native populations into employees of the foreign power

MOTIVES Economic Strategic Simplest stage- “ lust for loot” More Developed- search for raw materials and markets most refined- mutual benefits for colony and the parent country Strategic The acquisition of territory to protect the mother country, her colonies, and their lines of communication

Colonizing Aggressive MOTIVES Cont. Colonizing A nation’s need to provide space for its surplus, dissident, or criminal population Aggressive The desire for revenge, power, or prestige; then urge to trample weaker peoples and to advertise strength

Missionary Leadership MOTIVES Cont. Missionary The desire to convert other peoples to a religion, culture, or way of life Leadership A country’s conviction of its superior ability to provide orderly government, either as a permanent proprietor or as a temporary trustee “White man’s burden” – watch over indigenous peoples

Type of Rule Indirect rule: colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status; Dutch East India Company Direct rule: colonial government in which local elites are removed from power and replaced by a new set of officials brought from the mother country; British Burma

Visual Representation Definition Causes Ambition Industrial Revolution Need Resources Need Trading Markets Religion Nationalism The policy of setting up colonies & building up empires by dominating another nation politically, economically, & socially IMPERIALISM Visual Representation Examples England Italy France Germany U.S.A Portugal Belgium

Countries look to extract resources & spread their culture. What is Imperialism? The policy of setting up colonies & building up empires. Countries look to extract resources & spread their culture. Imperial nations convinced themselves that what they were doing was positive for everyone involved. Is it all good? Is it all bad?

Imperialism Main Idea – Technological superiority allowed European nations to dominate non-developed areas and establish global empires.

Industrial Revolution Why did it start? CAUSES Industrial Revolution Nationalism Religion "The White man's burden"

Why did it start? Industrial Revolution Nations did not have enough resources in their own country Industrial Nations produced so many goods that they needed new markets Forces to look elsewhere for resources Nations competed for colonies Increased need for Resources

Why did it start? Nationalism More colonies = More Power Extreme pride in their country led them to want more power Industrial Nations competed for colonies

Why did it start? White Man’s Burden An attempt to justify imperialism Mission = Spread Christianity & the Industrial Revolution Westerners viewed anyone with different religion & life as “backwards” Westerners felt it was their duty to “civilize” the “backwards” people of the world An attempt to justify imperialism

Imperialism Good? or Evil?