Infinitive VS Gerund.

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Presentation transcript:

Infinitive VS Gerund

Infinitive with “To” is used after certain verbs: afford agree appear arrange choose decide expect fail help (also without to) hesitate hope learn manage mean offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse want wish would like would love would prefer

Examples: I learnt to swim in the Black Sea last summer. They can’t afford to buy this house. I expect to get high marks in English this term. He would like to eat out tonight. She managed to pass the exam at the first attempt! He offered to buy some ice-cream for dessert.

Infinitive with “To” is used to express purpose. Examples: She went to the supermarket to buy some food. Children go to school to get knowledge. He has gone to Paris to visit his parents.

Infinitive with “To” is used after such phrases with adjectives as: To be nice To be sorry To be happy To be glad To be afraid

Examples: He is glad to be back. I am sorry to hear it. We were happy to win the competition.

Infinitive with “To” is used after “TOO” and “ENOUGH”. Examples: He is too young to work. She is strong enough to take part in the competition.

The bare Infinitive (without “To”)is used after: Most Modal Verbs (apart from HAVE/HAS TO, OUGHT TO): I can swim. BUT: I have to go now. After the verbs: let, make, see, hear, feel His parents don’t let him go out. He always makes her cry.

Gerund (- ing) is used as a noun (a subject of the sentence) Swimming keeps you fit. Reading broadens the mind. Cycling is good for your health.

Gerund is used after certain verbs: admit advise consider avoid can't help can't stand deny dislike enjoy fancy love/like finish keep mind involve permit practise suggest mention Imagine hate

Examples: He suggests ordering pizza for lunch. They admitted cheating in the test. I enjoy visiting parties. I can’t stand walking in a cold weather.

Gerund is used after prepositional phrases: It’s no use It’s (not) worth What’s the use of…? There is no point in Be/get used to Have difficulty in

Examples: It’s no use waiting for them, they won’t come. He has difficulty in learning languages. I got used to working hard.

Gerund (- ing) is used after phrasal verbs accuse of agree with apologize for ask about believe in blame for carry on complain about concentrate on depend on dream about/of forgive for give up insist on keep on look forward to object to think of succeed in use for

Examples: They insist on paying the bill. She apologized for being late. He gave up smoking.

Verbs followed either by Infinitive or Gerund stop interrupt another action: He stopped to have a snack. stop doing smth.(give up doing smth.): He stopped smoking last month. try do one’s best: He will try to win the race. do smth. as an experiment (advice): Try eating more vegetables.

Verbs followed either by Infinitive or Gerund forget / remember with regard to the future: Remember (Don’t forget) to switch off the lights. with regard to the past: I will always remember visiting my Grandma every summer. regret to be sorry: I regret to inform you that you have failed the exam. with regard to the past (talking about mistakes): He regrets being rude to her.