Compound Sentences a.k.a. Coordination

Compound? What does “compound” mean? 1. To combine so as to form a whole; mix. 2. To produce or create by combining two or more ingredients or parts: adj. 1. Consisting of two or more substances, ingredients, elements, or parts. n. 1. A combination of two or more elements or parts.(freeonline dictionary)

Coordination? What does “coordination” mean? of the same order or degree; equal in rank or importance (dictionary.com)

What’s a sentence? Must have at least 1 SV combo must be a complete thought must have terminal punctuation

What’s a clause? A clause is a group of words that contains at least a subject and a verb: These ARE clauses: E.g. ecology is a science E.g. because pollution causes cancer WHY?

What’s a clause? These ARE NOT clauses: e.g. to protect the environment e.g. after working all day in the language lab WHY?

What’s the difference between a sentence? She got an F in math. Because she didn’t study, she got an F in math. a clause? Because she got an F in math she got an F in math What’s the difference? Why should we care? 

Review What We Know Simple Sentence: The boy threw the ball verb Subject Predicate

What is the Predicate It’s the verb and what follows it (a.k.a. complement)

Simple Sentences Compound Subject Compound Predicate Compound Subject and Predicate Elizabeth and Anthony got As on the vocabulary test. S S V Sabrina took skiing lessons and went snorkeling last vacation. S V V Gus and Chris studied for the test and wrote their essays. S S V V

Now You Try Please write your own sentence of each type regarding Persepolis or The Color of Water Compound Subject sentence Compound Predicate sentence Compound Subject and predicate sentence

Compound Sentences Two independent clauses (that are related) joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction; both clauses MUST be equally important or of equal rank. Ex: Emma is talented at drawing, so she illustrates all of her notes.

Independent vs. dependent clauses my teacher praised my essay in class today my aunt adores my calico cat So I lied. But she stabbed me in the back. because my teacher praised my essay in class today, although my aunt adores my calico cat whereas I lied when she stabbed me in the back

Coordinating Conjunctions: FANBOYS For – CAUSE/EFFECT,REASON; explains a reason, formal or “Biblical” way of saying “because” And – ADDITION; adds more information Nor – ADDITION; adds more negative info But – CONTRAST; opposition a game changer, downer Or – CHOICE; choosing ONE over another Yet – CONTRAST (see BUT); “even so” So – CAUSE/EFFECT/REASON ; shows result, consequences

are clauses equal in rank? *She drank 3 glasses of ice water, for she was very thirsty. OR Forgive me Father, for I have sinned. I spent the weekend resting, and I watched a lot of Battlestar Galactica. The vampire didn’t rip his victim’s throat out, nor did he suck his blood. We had a half-day on Wednesday, but we still had plenty of time to study. Students must pull up their pants, or they will serve detentions. This morning a firetruck blocked Kimball, yet I still managed to arrive on time. The new Bond movie has been drawing crowds, so it should make a lot of money. meaning? -addition -contrast reason choice are clauses equal in rank?

But wait! There are actually THREE ways to make a compound sentence or coordination! They’re all based on the rule of combining two independent clauses The way you join clauses can be done if 3 different ways! Whew.

Option 1 Two independent clauses joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction Ex: Garret’s performance art show opened today, but few people showed up. Ex: Ruby wanted to buy a French bulldog puppy, so she started saving her money.

Your Turn! Write a sentence about “The Color of Water” using Option 1. Remember, you need to use a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)

Option 2 Two independent clauses (equal in rank, equally important in meaning) joined by a semicolon (the semi-colon acts like a period – oh wait, but what’s the difference between a semi-colon and a period? Ex. It’s too hot inside my apartment; let’s go to the lake. Ex. This was a beautiful autumn; the colors of the leaves were stunning.

Your Turn! Write your own sentence about The Color of Water using Option 2

Option 3 Two independent clauses (equal in rank, equally important in meaning) joined by a semicolon and a conjunctive adverb Ex. It rained heavily in the afternoon; however, Sarah managed to have the picnic anyway. Ex. Liam couldn't make it to the summit and back before dark; therefore, he decided to camp for the night.

(some) Conjunctive Adverbs Please DO NOT copy this as one long list down the left side of your sheet of paper. Relax: what are you noticing meanig-wise? accordingly still furthermore moreover similarly however nevertheless besides incidentally indeed nonetheless therefore consequently instead thus finally likewise otherwise undoubtedly further meanwhile

What’s the connection between “coordinating conjunctions “(fanboys) and “conjunctive adverbs?”

Coordination Charts by Ms. Teref and Ms. Wenz

Your Turn! Write your own sentence about The Color of Water using Option 3

When do you use them? Each method has a different application. Methods 1 and 3 emphasize relationship and cause-effect Method 2 is for two related ideas that do not need an explicit link