The Rise of Hitler and Nazism

Today’s Standard Essential Question 10.7 Students analyze the rise of totalitarian governments after World War I. How did Hitler and Nazi’s gain power in Germany during the 1930’s? Essential Question

Weimar Republic Rise and Fall Weak democratic gov’t in Germany led by a chancellor (prime minister) faced weak leadership and severe inflation People blamed the Weimar Republic for the hated Treaty of Versailles. U.S. Depression cause German economy to collapse  30% unemployed Grave of Weimar republic

Hitler in his mid to late 30’s

Hitler & the Nazis Nat’l Socialist German Worker’s Party, known as Nazis  German brand of fascism 1919 Hitler joined Nazi’s Main goal is to overthrow Treaty of Versailles He is chosen as der Führer (leader) of Nazis Hitler organizes supporters into “storm troopers” to fight against political enemies

Hitler’s Rise to Power Nazis try to seize powerin the Beer Hall Puscht  Hitler jailed Mein Kampf (My Struggle)  becomes blueprint for Nazis Aryans = master race Blamed all countries problems on Jews Get Germany more Lebensraum (living space)

Hitler Becomes Chancellor Germans look for strong leader By 1932, Nazis largest political party 1933 Hitler named chancellor  Within 1 year he is dictator of Germany Creates totalitarian state Suspended civil rights Disbanded all political parties Executed disloyal Nazis Night of Long Knives -June 30 - July 2, 1934 Hitler's Purge – 85 confirmed executions

Germany becomes a Totalitarian state SS (elite military unit) & Gestapo (secret police) terrorize, arrest, & kill Propaganda, indoctrination, & censorship Controlled all areas of German life Enemies arrested or killed A warrant disc identified an operative as Gestapo without revealing personal identity. Insignia pins worn on SS commissioned and non-commissioned officers’ hats

Nazi Propaganda

Campaign against the Jews Hatred of Jews (anti-Semitism) Nuremburg Laws- laws deprive Jews of rights including: German citizenship; marrying non-Jews; attending or teaching at German schools; practicing law or medicine; publishing books 1935 chart from Nazi Germany used to explain the Nuremberg Laws

Kristallnacht Violence against Jews -(Kristallnacht) “Night of Broken Glass” November 7, 1938 November 1938. Jews arrested during Kristallnacht line up for roll call at the Buchenwald concentration camp

Kristallnacht

267 Synagogues burned or destroyed

Jewish Cemeteries Desecrated by Nazis

Adolf Hitler with a member of a Nazi youth organization Nazi Ideology Nazis indoctrinated young people with messages of racism, loyalty, and destroying enemies w/o mercy Women were encouraged to have “pure blooded Aryan children” Nazis denounced Art, Jazz, and Religion Adolf Hitler with a member of a Nazi youth organization

Hitler w/ child