1. Rise of Hitler & The Nazis
Germany
Rise of Hitler & The Nazis

2. Struggles in Germany
After World War I, a new republic was created in Germany known as the Weimar Republic
Had a parliamentary government
Headed by a prime minister called the chancellor

3. The Weimar Republic Was made of many small and weak parties
Some parties wanted reforms
Pave the way for communism
Others wanted to remain conservative
Return to having a king

4. In need of a Strong Leader
Most people felt that Germany had become weak
Needed a strong leader in order to become a dominant world power again

5. Debt and Inflation Germany fell behind on paying their war reparations
They printed huge quantities of paper money to pay off their debts
This caused massive inflation and the Deutsche Mark became utterly worthless

6. ***Dawes Act*** 1924–U.S. helped Germany recover from this inflation
Implemented the Dawes Act
Called upon France to withdraw their troops from Germany
Allowed the U.S. to give Germany loans to aid in their recovery
Germany began to recover

7. Great Depression
But when the Great Depression hit the people wanted to avoid another crisis
So they put their faith in Adolf Hitler

8. Adolf Hitler Born in Austria
Moved to Germany and fought in the German army in World War I
After the war he created the National Socialist German Worker’s Party, or NAZI party
The party was organized into fighting squads called Brown Shirts or Storm Troopers

9. Mein Kampf
Hitler attempted to take over Germany in 1923 but failed and was sent to prison
While in prison he wrote Mein Kampf, or “My Struggle”
Became the “bible” of the Nazi party
Spoke of extreme nationalism, racism and anti-Semitism
Also stated that the German people belonged to a master race of Aryans
Had light skin
Blonde hair and blue eyes

10. Anti-Semitism Hitler believed that the Jews were responsible for:
Germany’s loss of World War I
The economic problems of the time

11. Lebensraum
To make Germany strong again it must expand to unite all German speaking people
To do this “inferior people” like Slavs and Jews would need to give them more living space or Lebensraum

12. Hitler’s Promise
Hitler promised the people an end to the Great Depression by:
Putting an end to paying war reparations
Giving people jobs
Rearming Germany

13. Coming to Power
The Nazis won more seats in the German congress, or Reichstag
Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany through peaceful, legal means, just as Mussolini had done in Italy

14. Reforms Hitler: He also killed many of his own followers
Ended civil rights
Got rid of communists
Outlawed all political parties except the Nazis
He also killed many of his own followers
To prevent any threat to his power, just as Stalin did in Russia

15. Hitler and the Third Reich
Hitler followed in the footsteps of Mussolini by reminding the people of their past glories
The First Reich – Holy Roman Empire
Second Reich – United Germany in 1871 under Bismarck
Third Reich – Hitler’s Germany that would dominated Europe for 1,000 years

16. Terror and Violence
Hitler used totalitarian rule to achieve his goals, just as Mussolini had
Used terror and repression to control all aspects of life
The SS enforced Hitler’s will
The Gestapo, or secret police, destroyed any opposition

17. Public Works & Rearmament
To solve the Great Depression he put people to work:
Building highways & housing
Replanting forests
He violated the Treaty of Versailles by:
Producing arms
Building up Germany’s military

18. Hitler Youth
The Hitler Youth was created to indoctrinate children with racist ideology and to make them physically fit for war

19. Women
Women were discouraged from working because they had to raise “pure Aryan children”
Received rewards for having more children

20. Purging German Culture
Schools and books were restructured to reflect Nazi ideology
Nazi’s burned books they disapproved of at public bonfires

21. ***Ridding Germany of its Jews***
1935–the Nuremberg Laws were passed to place restrictions on Jews
Couldn’t:
Marry non-Jews
Go to German schools
Hold government office
Practice law or medicine
Publish books

22. Kristallnacht
1938–a German diplomat was shot by a Jew so Hitler used this as an excuse to attack all German Jews
For two nights in November Nazi led mobs attacked Jews all over Germany
Smashing windows
Looting stores
Burning synagogues

23. Kristallnacht (cont.)
Jews were forced into the street to watch their homes be destroyed
Those who resisted were beaten, arrested or killed
Hitler made the Jews pay for the damage he created

24. “The Final Solution”
He then sent Jews to concentration camps as enemies of the state
Later the Nazis would plan the “Final Solution” to exterminate all Jews