Classification of Matter Lesson 10

Classifying Matter All matter is made up of different types or combinations of particles. Different types and combinations of particles give every type of matter particular characteristics, or properties. Characteristic that describes a substance.

Classification Of Matter Pure Substances Element Compound Mixture Mechanical Mixture Suspension Solution

Pure Substances (2) A pure substance is made up of only one kind of matter unique set of properties colour, hardness, boiling point, and melting point. A pure substance is either an element (gold) or a compound (sugar).

Element A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by chemical means. Each element has its own name and symbol. Example: Gold (Au)

Compound A pure substance that is made from two or more elements that are combined together chemically. Example, water (H2O) is a compound containing the elements hydrogen and oxygen.

Mixtures (3) A mixture is a combination of pure substances. Each substance remains in its original, pure form, although each is not always easy to see distinctly once the mixture is made.

Mechanical Mixture (heterogeneous mixture) Different substances that make up the mixture are visible Hetero = different

Suspension A cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are held within another. Can be separated out when the mixture is poured through filter paper. A suspension is also a heterogeneous mixture.

Solution (homogeneous mixture) Different substances that make it up are not individually visible One substance is dissolved in another The prefix “homo-” means same, and all parts of a homogeneous mixture look the same.

Separating Mixtures

Separating Mixtures The air you breathe, the ground you walk on, and the pen you write with are all made up of matter. These three examples of matter are mixtures. Each is made up of two or more substances. The substances keep their own properties when they become part of the mixture.

If the substances in a mixture have different properties, then you can use those properties to separate the mixture. Beach sand is a mixture of sand, seaweed and pebbles

Separating mixtures Mechanical mixtures can be separated by picking the pieces apart. This can be done with a magnet. Or with your fingers or tweezers. Example: A magnet can be used to separate iron from sand.

Filtering is used to separate a solid that is mixed with a liquid Filtering is used to separate a solid that is mixed with a liquid. When the mixture is poured through the filter paper, the liquid goes through while the solid stays on the paper.

Distilling is used to separate a dissolved substance that cannot be seen. Solutions can be separated by boiling the liquid away which leaves the solid behind. Distilled water is made from the steam of boiling water. All of the minerals and other solid content are left behind.

Question Suggest the best method for separating each of these mixtures. Explain why you must choose that method. What is the purpose of filtering a mixture?   Can filtering be used to remove a dissolved solid? Explain why or why not. Sawdust and water Salt and water Sand and iron fillings Marshmallows and dried banana Gasoline and water

Complete the questions with a partner and work on the lab with a partner