1. Mixtures
By Mrs. T.

2. What is a Mixture?
Most of the substances you see are NOT pure substances like elements, molecules and compounds.
Most of the substances are MIXTURES.
A MIXTURE is made of two or more substances like elements and compounds, that are together in the same place but ARE NOT CHEMICALLY BONDED.

3. Mixtures differ from compounds in three ways!
1. Each substance that makes up the mixture KEEPS ITS INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIES.
2. Parts of the mixture are not combined in a set ratio.
3. The PARTS are easy to SEPARATE.

4. 2 Types of Mixtures HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES: HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES:
1.You can SEE the DIFFERENT PARTS
2. You can easily separate the parts
Examples: Trail Mix, Salad, Bag of Nuts & bolts
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES:
1. You CAN NOT SEE the DIFFERENT PARTS
2. The Substances are EVENLY MIXED
Examples: air is a homogenous mixture of gases, sugar water is a homogenous mixture.

5. Solutions: One type of homogeneous mixture is a SOLUTION.
A SOLUTION is well-mixed and contains a solvent and a solute.
A solute is the largest part of a solution that dissolves the solvent.
A solvent is the lesser part of a solution that gets dissolved.
Both solute and solvents keep their individual properties
SOLUTIONS can be a liquid, a gas, or even a solid.
Examples:
Sugar water
Air is a solution of nitrogen, oxygen and a few other gases mixed together
Brass is a solution of the elements copper & zinc

6. Separating mixtures
Unlike compounds, mixtures are EASY TO SEPARATE back into the original substances that made them up.
WAYS TO SEPARATE A MIXTURE:
MAGNET
FILTERING
DISTILLING (BOILING)
EVAPORATION

7. dEMONSTRATIONS LOOK AT A MIXTURE OF SAND & IRON FILINGS:
How can we separate the 2 substances?
LOOK AT A MIXTURE OF SALT AND PEPPER, How can we separate the substances?
WHAT IF I HAVE A GLASS OF SALT WATER?

8. Mixtures differ from Compounds in 3 ways:
sUMMARY
A MIXTURE is made of 2 or more elements, compounds, or both that are in the same place but NOT chemically bonded.
Mixtures differ from Compounds in 3 ways:
Substances keep unique properties
No fixed ratio
Parts are easily separated.
2 Kinds of mixtures:
Heterogeneous (can see parts)
Homogeneous (evenly mixed)
One kind of Homogeneous mixture is a SOLUTION.
Can be Separated by magnet, filter, distillation or evaporation.

9. NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED HOMOGENEOUS
Visual Break down:
Atom – smallest particle of matter in the universe
An Element simply refers to a particular type of atom Elements +1 new = 115
Elements make up Molecules
Compounds are made up of 2 or more elements.
Every compound is also a molecule. But only molecules made up of 2 or more elements are also a compound.
Molecules & Compounds are Chemically Combined.
Mixtures are made up of 2 or more substances, elements or compounds NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED.
This means they can be:
Separated back into original components.
The components are not mixed in a set ratio.
NOT CHEMICALLY COMBINED
HOMOGENEOUS
HETEROGENEOUS

10. **All Compounds are also mixtures.
ALL MATTER
(You, me, Everything around us is made of matter)
solid, liquid, gas
PURE MATTER
(Pure Substances chemically combined)
Atom
Smallest particle of matter (Building Block of Matter)
Elements
Show the different types of atoms (Periodic Table)
MOLECULE
2 or more atoms chemically combined
COMPOUND
2 or more substances, elements, compounds mixed but NOT chemically combined
MIXTURE
Not chemically combined
Not pure substances
HETEROGENEOUS
You can see the individual components and they can be separated easily
HOMOGENEOUS
Parts can't be seen, evenly mixed but not chemically combined, can be separated by boiling or distaillation
**All Compounds are also mixtures.
**If a Molecule is made up of 2 or more different atoms it is also a compound!