1. Classification of Matter
Lesson 6
February 8th, 2011

2. Classifying Matter
All matter is made up of different types or combinations of particles.
Different types and combinations of particles give every type of matter particular characteristics, or properties.
Characteristic that describes a substance.

3. Classification Of Matter
Pure Substances
Element
Compound
Mixture
Mechanical Mixture
Suspension
Solution

4. Pure Substances (2)
A pure substance is made up of only one kind of matter
unique set of properties
colour, hardness, boiling point, and melting point.
A pure substance is either an element (gold) or a compound (sugar).

5. Element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by chemical means.
Each element has its own name and symbol. Example: Gold (Au)

6. Compound
A pure substance that is made from two or more elements that are combined together chemically.
Example, water (H2O) is a compound containing the elements hydrogen and oxygen.

7. Mixtures (3) A mixture is a combination of pure substances.
Each substance remains in its original, pure form, although each is not always easy to see distinctly once the mixture is made.

8. Mechanical Mixture (heterogeneous mixture)
Different substances that make up the mixture are visible
Hetero = different

9. Suspension
A cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are held within another.
Can be separated out when the mixture is poured through filter paper.
A suspension is also a heterogeneous mixture.

10. Solution (homogeneous mixture)
Different substances that make it up are not individually visible
One substance is dissolved in another
The prefix “homo-” means same, and all parts of a homogeneous mixture look the same.

11. Separating Mixtures

12. Separating Mixtures
The air you breathe, the ground you walk on, and the pen you write with are all made up of matter.
These three examples of matter are mixtures.
Each is made up of two or more substances.
The substances keep their own properties when they become part of the mixture.

13. If the substances in a mixture have different properties, then you can use those properties to separate the mixture.
Beach sand is a mixture of sand, seaweed and pebbles

14. Separating mixtures
Mechanical mixtures can be separated by picking the pieces apart. This can be done with a magnet. Or with your fingers or tweezers.
Example: A magnet can be used to separate iron from sand.

15. Filtering is used to separate a solid that is mixed with a liquid
Filtering is used to separate a solid that is mixed with a liquid. When the mixture is poured through the filter paper, the liquid goes through while the solid stays on the paper.

16. Distilling is used to separate a dissolved substance that cannot be seen. Solutions can be separated by boiling the liquid away which leaves the solid behind.
Distilled water is made from the steam of boiling water. All of the minerals and other solid content are left behind.

17. Complete the questions with a partner and work on the lab with a partner