Sediments Become Rocks Activity 4

Sedimentary Rocks Sediments rocks formed when layers of sediment were deposited one on top of another and became squeezed and cemented together (weathering, erosion, and pressure) Sediments Small particles of soil and weathered rock

1. Weathering The process by which rocks in Earth’s crust are broken down into smaller pieces (sediments) Mechanical Weathering The physical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces The small pieces have the same chemical make up as the larger pieces Causes: wind – water – pressure - temperature – plants

Soil The loose weathered material on the surface of Earth’s crust in which plants can grow All soil formation begins with the weathering of rock Soils differ depending on the rock sediment in soil

Chemical Weathering The breakdown of rocks caused by a chemical reaction with another substance. It results in a change in the chemical composition of rocks Causes: Rainwater, acids, and oxygen in the air act on rocks https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/videos/36566049-e791-42cf-8fe2-494f33fa9983/?hasLocalHost=True

2. Erosion When sediments are carried by wind and water from one location to another This is a destructive process 3. Deposition When sediments carried by wind or water are deposited on the ground somewhere else (the material is “laid down”) This is a constructive process

4. Cementation The grains of sediment are compacted and cemented together to form sedimentary rock https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/videos/36566049-e791-42cf-8fe2-494f33fa9983/?hasLocalHost=True

Fossils *put foldable in and add notes** 1. Formed in sedimentary rock from the remains of prehistoric animals and plants 2. As sediments are deposited, the remains of plants and animals may come to rest on top of them 3. They are covered by more layers of sediment 4. If the rock forms soon after this, the imprint of the skeleton or leaf may be left behind in the rock

How Fossils form in Sedimentary Rocks https://app.discoveryeducation.com/learn/videos/289d834f-99b5-44d2-be32-80a6846af348/?hasLocalHost=True