VENEZUELA Berrin ERSÖZ 072309

Venezuela Overview Location and language Population and demograpical structure Essential historical events Political Structure Political culture Hugo Chavez Economical Structure Neo-liberal policy effection Economical issues Social Structure Millenium Development Goals Prosperity rates of the Venezuelan society

Venezuela

Venezuela The Venezuela has named Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela since 1999 The country uses offical language of Spanish. The capital city is Caracas where it located northen coast of south America, many significant geographical neighbours such as;Brazil,Colombia. The population of country is 31,775,371 (IMF,2016) Demographical shape; Roman Catholics 96% Protestan 2% also others.

History of Venezuela 1521 ;Spanish colonisation begins on the north-east coast. 1810;Venezuelans take advantage of Napoleon's invasion of Spain to declare independence. 1870-88 ;Antonio Guzman Blanco attracts foreign investment,modernises infrastructure and develops agriculture and education. 1945 ;Coup establishes civilian government after decades of military rule. 1948 ;President Romulo Gallegos who Venezuela's first democratically-elected leader but overthrown within eight months in military coup led by Marcos Perez Jimenez. 1958;Perez win election and become president.

History of Venezuela 1973;Venezuela benefits from oil boom and its currency peaks against the US dollar also oil and steel industries nationalized 1992;Hugo Chavez and supporters make two coup attempts 1998;Hugo Chavez become president 2013;President Hugo Chavez dies and Nicolas Madura become president. 2016;thousand of people take part in a protest in Caracas to removal of President Madura to his responsibility for the economic crisis. 2017 ;Chief prosecutor Luisa Ortega goes into exile because of the government wanted to stop her investigations into alleged corruption and human rights abuses.

Political Structure Federal Republic system which it occurs 5 main branches such as;executive,legislative,judicary,electoral branch and citizen branch. Presidental goverment model that president as head of state,head of goverment and head of unicameral of federal legislature. President is elected for 6 years term Direct election and plurality voting which re-elected The national assembly consists of 165 deputies Elected for 5 years term Elections are state level and local level

Political Structure Dominant party system Also Hibrid regime (corruption and nondemocratic) United Socialist Party of Venezuela is dominant party It founded in 2007 that merged many smaller party Support Hugo Chavez at the Bolivarian Revolution and Fifth Republic Movement. Bolivarian Revolution which implemented Bolivarianism,nationalism and state-led economy also inter-American coalition. Fifth Republic Movement known that United Socialist Party and it carried Chavez towards presidency aim is the constitutional assembly

Political Structure

Political Structure Who is Hugo Chavez?.. Venezuelan politician and revolutionary President between 1999 and 2012 Leader of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela Chavismo that pattern of Chavez As a political ideology which Bolivarianism and Socialism of 21st century Anti-imperialist,against neo-liberalism policy and liassez-faire capitalism Nationalized important industries Implemented social reforms and programes to increase prosperity of Venezuela.

Corruption perceptions index

Freedom of press

rate of rights and liberties

Economical Structure Venezuela has significant petrolium resources prime country on the world that selling and trading of petrolium. The country has important harbours so this chance provides export that it is 80 percentage out of total trading rate. Also most exporting products are heavy industries such as;iron,steel,aluminum,motor vhehicle and construction materials. Venezuela has agriculture productions like that;corn, sorghum, sugarcane, rice, bananas, vegetables, coffee, beef, pork, fish

Economical Structure In the mid-2000s, High price of oil,Venezuela earns profit So improve the poverty,standart of living,income equality and economical prosperity Also reforms of Chavez effected on economical life positively In despite of all these economical opportunities and sustainable programe After 2014- falling of oil price higher rate of unemployment and inflation (Venezuelan consumer prices rose 800 percent in 2016) so job losses and low wage rate make economic hardship

GDP index of Venezuela

Index of poverty in Venezuela

Unemployment index

Rate of inflation

Social Structure

Social Structure

Population pyramid

Social structure Population growth rate 1.28% (2016 est.) Birth rate 19.2 births/1,000 population (2016) Death rate 5.2 deaths /1,000 population (2016) Maternal mortality rate 95 deaths /100,000 live births (2015) Infant mortality rate 12.5 deaths /1,000 live births Life expectancy Total population: 75.8 years Male : 72.7 years Female : 78.9 years (2016)

Social Structure Literacy rate that age 15 and over can read and write Total population: 96.3% male: 96.4% and female: 96.2% (2015) Education expenditure 6.9% of GDP (2009) Health expenditure 5.3% of GDP (2014) Major infectious diseases High degree of risk ,such as food or waterborne diseases The Zika virus by mosquitoes which it has been identified in this country (2016)

Social Structure Population distribution among the geographically most of the population is concentrated in the northern and western parts also capital city of Caracas Urbaniztion rate: 89% of total population (2015) Major urban cities: Caracas where capital city 2.916 million ,Maracaibo 2.196 million ,Valencia 1.734 million ,Maracay 1.166 million ,Barquisimeto 1.039 million (2015) Migration rate: The net migration rate of Venezuela indicates that no migrants are immigration to or emigrating from the country per every 1,000 people in Venezuela, which means that Venezuela's population is not increasing or decreasing do to migration. 

conclusion