Pages 425-439 The nation was faced with a problem – deciding what to do with the land acquired from Mexico. The rapid population growth in California meant.

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Pages 425-439 The nation was faced with a problem – deciding what to do with the land acquired from Mexico. The rapid population growth in California meant that it had enough people to create a constitution and apply for statehood. Compromise of 1850: (5 parts) Popular Sovereignty in the territory acquired from Mexico California is admitted as a free state – gives the free states a numerical advantage in the Senate More strict fugitive slave law Slave trade is outlawed in DC Texas paid money to relinquish some land in dispute with New Mexico

1850s begin to unravel Impact of the Fugitive Slave Act: **Personal Liberty Laws**: Laws passed by Northern states that barred involvement in returning runaway slaves The Wisconsin state supreme court in Ableman v. Booth declared the Fugitive Slave Act unconstitutional End of the Whigs: With the deaths of Clay and Webster (1852) the Whig party disappears Franklin Pierce’s Presidency (elected in 1852 over Whig Winfield Scott) Ostend Manifesto: Plan to buy Cuba from Spain, if they refused, US would take it by force Fear of making Cuba a slave state Gadsden Purchase: US (Secretary of War - Jefferson Davis) buys land from Mexico in southern Arizona for Transcontinental RR Kansas – Nebraska Act (1854) – Proposed by Stephen Douglas Response to Gadsden Purchase, north wanted RR Proposed popular sovereignty in Nebraska Territory Overturned Missouri Compromise by allowing slavery in Kansas Presumably, KS would be slave, Neb would be free

Lincoln and the Republicans 1858 - 1860 Republican party forms in 1854 from the remnants of the Whigs, Liberty, and Free Soil parties Lincoln-Douglas Debates: 7 debates for the 1858 Senate seat in Illinois Douglas (D) wins, but alienates the South in the process Lincoln emerges on a national level – (think Obama or even Beto O‘Rourke) and the Republicans see him as a hope to win the White House in 1860. Douglas’s belief in the “Freeport Doctrine”: if a territory wanted to, it could keep slavery out – split Democratic Party

Lincoln wins the White House John Brown and Harpers Ferry: (1859) Hoped to incite a slave rebellion Many southerners felt that North and Republican Party was filled with “John Browns” Election of 1860: Lincoln wins without receiving a single electoral vote from the South Ran on the platform of stopping the expansion of slavery – not ending slavery where it already existed. Secession begins before Lincoln ever assumes the office of the president.