IMPERIAL REPUBLIC FOREIGN AFFAIRS: 1870-1915 A20w 9.213
“New Manifest Destiny”
GUIDING QUESTION To what extent was late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century United States expansionism a continuation of past U. S. expansionism and to what extent was it a departure? (1994 DBQ) Ideals vs. interests?
Arguments for Overseas Expansion 1. Economic – new markets Pojer U.S. Foreign Investments, 1869-1908
Arguments for Overseas Expansion 2. National Power New Manifest Destiny? Keep up with European Powers social darwinism 3. Military – naval bases Alfred Thayer Mahan - The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 (1890)
Arguments for Overseas Expansion 4. Spread of “Civilization” Religion American Missionaries in China, 1905
Arguments for Overseas Expansion 5. Maintain American “Frontier” Spirit Outlet for discontented people of 1890s Historian Frederick Jackson Turner - Chicago World’s Fair (1893)
Early Expansion Efforts Alaska “Seward’s Folly” ($7.2M) Pojer; (map) Divine America Past and Present Revised 7th Ed. Why?
Early Expansion Efforts Hawaiian Islands Queen Liliuokalani revolution, 1893 annexation, 1898
SPANISH-AMERICAN* WAR *-Cuban-Filipino 1898
Causes of the Spanish-American War Cuban Rebellion “Butcher Weyler” Sugar plantations Pojer
Causes of the Spanish-American War Yellow journalism William Randolph Hearst Joseph Pulitzer “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war” Hearst to Frederic Remington, 1897 American journey Online William Randolph Hearst Joseph Pulitzer Updating the Crowds about Cuba
Causes of the Spanish-American War “Jingoism” Theodore Roosevelt, Assistant Secretary of the Navy
Causes of the Spanish-American War De Lômè letter “Remember the Maine” Cruiser Maine in Havana Harbor Wreck of the U.S.S. Maine. Description: Wreck of the U.S.S. Maine, 1898. Keywords: Spanish-American War Credit: National Archives and Records Administration http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail243.html Maine in Havana Harbor: PBS Spanish American War Wreck of the U.S.S. Maine
The Spanish-American War in the Philippines Commodore Dewey Battle of Manila Bay Martin A Nation and Its Peoples 5e
The Spanish-American War in Cuba Rough Riders “A splendid little war” Treaty of Paris, 1899 Map: Martin America and Its Peoples 5e
American Empire, 1900 Divine America Past and Present Revised 7th Ed.
AMERICA’S NEW ROLE Power vs. Ideals????
The Philippines Philippine-American War (1899-1902) Emilio Aguinaldo amjol Emilio Aguinaldo William Howard Taft
American Anti-Imperialist League Founded in 1898 Among its members: Mark Twain (VP), Andrew Carnegie, William Jennings Bryan, Grover Cleveland, Jane Addams Campaigned against the annexation of the Philippines and other acts of imperialism Pojer
Cuban Independence? Platt Amendment (1903) Cuba was not to enter in to any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence or grant military bases The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent government Cuba would lease to the U.S. naval and coaling stations (Guantanamo Bay) Pojer
China Boxer Rebellion (1900) Description: Chinese "Boxer." 1900. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail257.html Description: "Within historic grounds of the Forbidden City in Pekin, China, on November 28 celebrated the victory of the Allies." Ca. 1900.Credit: National Archives and Records Administration; http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail258.html
China: Open Door Policy Pojer
Panama Canal Pathways
Panama Canal Panamanian Rebellion – U.S. Role U.S. & Latin America Wadsworth.com
Intervention in Latin America Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1905) “Dollar Diplomacy” Pancho Villa http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/templates/student_resources/0534593550_carroll/maps/carrollmaps.html (map); picture: wadsworth.com
US Interventions in Latin America 1898-1934 Pathways