1. Spanish-American War Essential Question: What are the causes
and effects of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars?

2. Background of Cuba
Cuba is one of Spain’s last colonies in the western hemisphere
Cubans want independence and begin to revolt
Leaders are exiled and some come to the U.S.

3. General Weyler’s Cuban Policy
Use concentration camps to control the population
As a result, Americans become sympathetic for Cuban cause

5. William Randolph Hearst
“Yellow Journalism”
“You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war!”
Joseph Pulitzer
Newspaper war begins
Journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration
William Randolph Hearst

6. De Lôme Letter Dupuy de Lôme, Spanish Ambassador to the U.S.
Criticized President McKinley as weak
Insult to national pride
Leads to increasing tension between Spain and U.S.

7. U.S.S. Maine It was there to protect Americans and their investments
In 1898 the battleship exploded in Havana, Cuba
266 Americans died & the ship sunk

8. Remember the Maine and to Hell with Spain!
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana

10. The Spanish-American War (1898):
Hardships at first
But then quick victory – “that splendid little war”
Buffalo soldiers and Rough Riders play a large role
Rough Riders was the name given to a volunteer cavalry
Organized by Teddy R.
The “Rough Riders”

11. U.S. Admiral Dewey Captures Manila!
The Philippines was another colony of Spain’s
Americans teamed up with Filipinos to defeat the Spanish in the Philippines

12. The Treaty of Paris:1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule
Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island of Guam to the U.S
The U. S. paid Spain $20 mil. for the Philippines

13. Cuban Independence? Platt Amendment (1903)
Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence
The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent gov’t
Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the U.S. for a naval station
Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt
Senator Orville Platt

14. The Philippine-American War

15. Resistance Begins
Despite U.S. promises to Filipinos during the Spanish-American War, the island nation is not granted independence
Philippine resistance against U.S. begins
General MacArthur adopts same methods of control as Spain (concentration camps)

16. Emilio Aguinaldo Leader of the Filipino uprising
U.S. supported his independence movement against Spain
When he declared the Philippines an independent republic after the Spanish-American War, the U.S. called him an outlaw

17. Aftermath of the War
U.S. appointed a governor, who would appoint the upper house of the legislature
Filipinos would select lower house
U.S. helps the Philippines w/ internal improvements, education & gov’t
The Philippines did not become an independent country until July 4th, 1946