BIG LAUNCH! Urban Assistance Guidelines Shelter Meeting 10a May 2010 Crawford Guidelines Shelter Meeting 10a May 2010

At a glance, the global discussion addresses: Identification of beneficiaries And what needs to be done differently Can these guidelines help me when doing program planning (policy and technical)? M

These guidelines can help you with: Defining Affected Population (Beneficiaries) Combining Assistance Methods Understanding the SWOT of 18 Assistance Methods Deciding on Standards In addition they provide on overview of: - Assessment Tools and Handbooks - Profiling Methods - Housing, Land and Property Issues (HLP) - Case studies K

But how does it all work?  Urban areas are very attractive (economic, social, ...) and especially after a crisis people choose their ”durable soultion” based on the benefits they have in the city. Do I get guidance on who to assist (who is actually affected and in need) and on how people make a living? M

How does it all work? Urban Livelihoods Approach: thinking about people in cities... Affected Populations: thinking about what happens to people in cities after disasters/crisis (durable solution) ... Appropriate combinations of assistance: thinking about what to do... K

Urban Livelihoods Approach Households ........Neighbourhoods .........................................Cities ..............................................................Regions K

Urban Livelihoods Approach K

So the guidelines tell me about: - Vulnerabilities, coping strategies, capacties and household assets of Households and families but also - Governance, infrastructure and services and vulnerabilities of Locations and neighborhoods - Policies, Institutions and Processes of Cities - Policies, laws and regulations on National, Regional and International level M

Affected Populations (Who?) Populations affected by an urban humanitarian crisis include: displaced and non-displaced households; directly and indirectly affected households and communities; pre-existing and new urban dwellers; owner-occupiers and tenants; K

 How can the affected populations, those in need (needs based vs  How can the affected populations, those in need (needs based vs. status based assistance) get assistance? Is it possible to know who is affected and what about all the urban poor? M

Affected Populations (Before) K

Affected Populations (After) K

Affected Populations (Who?) K

Know about the importance of livelihood Know who to assist Know about the importance of livelihood How can the affected Populations be assisted (now what?) M

Affected Populations (now what?) K

Assistance Methods (what can be done) Supervision and technical expertise Contract labour Return and transit support items Legal and administrative expertise Household WASH support items Cash General household support items Information centres and teams Vouchers Household shelter construction support items Capacity building and training Loans and credit Infrastructure and settlement planning support Community labour Insurance and guarantees Market interventions Environmental and resource management Direct labour K

Urban livelihoods and assistance methods Livelihood Assets K

Combining Assistance Methods K

For example I work with affected and displaced....

And they choose a collective centre.... M

I really need... M

I really need... M

SWOT of Assistance Methods Strengths: advantages of method... Weaknesses: disadvantages of method... Opportunities: contexts/conditions for success... Threats: context/conditions where method may fail... K

Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Return and transit support items Items that support durable solutions and allow people to choose to return to their place of origin or relocate to a new location including provision of transport, transport fares or vouchers, tools, seed stocks Strengths Advantages of assistance method Weaknesses Disadvantages of assistance method Directed assistance to facilitate return which can range from subsidised transport to food and non-food packs Delivery mainly via conventional NGO distribution methods … Inflexible assistance packages for beneficiaries (participation essential to determine contents of kits) Beneficiary identification and selection in urban areas likely to be complicated, people may want a return pack but may not want to return! Opportunities External enabling conditions which favour this method of assistance Threats External conditions which limit this method of assistance Succeeds when linked to other enabling conditions needed to support voluntary return eg stability, access to basic services, possibilities for work Works as part of a holistic response to household needs rather than as a standardised response of individual clusters Fails to promote return where return packs are worth less than other aid given in-situ Risk of tension between returnees and neighbours or hosts in place of return who do not benefit from aid items Vulnerable to poor communication or incoherent cross-cluster strategy Risk of failure if restitution of housing, land and property not facilitated M

Displace or non-displaced Directly or indirectly affected Can be combined with: General household support items Legal and administrative expertise Household shelter construction support items Displace or non-displaced Directly or indirectly affected Scale of intervention: targeting individuals, geographic zones, sectors, institutions or practices Household Neighbour hood City level Regional or National level Displaced Directly affected Non-displaced Pre-existing populations Indirectly affected M

For example.... K

informed by policy, shaped by practice, scenarios, participation Standards Indicators Guidelines laws, principles and standards based on and continuing to inform policy POLICY What should be done? What are we intending to do? Are we doing it? what was the baseline benchmark? what is the target benchmark? how well did we do it? how fast did we do it? are our indicators right? How do we do it in practice? where do we start? what are the priorities? what are the practical difficulties, dilemmas and controversies? where and when do we stop? informed by policy, shaped by practice, scenarios, participation IMPLEMENTATION K

Before the Guidelines get printed: Are they posted on SC webpage (Sector Projects, Urban, ...) Can you provide your final comments Will we decide how we make them look like (product of and for the entire shelter community)