History of African Americans in Wisconsin

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Presentation transcript:

History of African Americans in Wisconsin

1st Blacks in Wisconsin were slaves Brought to work in mines Slavery in wisconsin 1st Blacks in Wisconsin were slaves Brought to work in mines Prohibited by Northwest Ordinance, but no enforcement 1840 Census 185 free, 11 slaves 1850 no slaves, 653 free 1860 1171 Couldn’t serve in military More rights than other Northern States No inter-racial marriage laws Could own property Send kids to public schools No job limitations Be on juries, testify against whites, hold public meetings

African American Population in WI Milwaukee and Racine Barbers/hairdressers Sailors Common laborers

Abolitionists Not many white people in north cared about abolition Didn’t agree with taking “property” – fear that they could lose their own “property” Congress had no power to alter state constitutions But – people were becoming more aware Morally wrong

Secession Growing issue Mexican – American War (1846) ? Of what to do with new lands Extend to TX and CA? Free Soiler Party (later the Liberty Party): Compromise Ignore where already is, but don’t let spread

The Great Compromise Tried to make everyone happy Fugitive Slave Law: Southern slavecatchers could take back Based on an oath No judicial process Judge: higher fee if sent back than set free Organized Assisted Underground Railroad to Canada

Underground railroad in Wisconsin

Joshua Glover Runaway slave in Racine Federal marshal broke in Beat Glover Carted him away Sherman Booth: Milwaukee newspaper writer and abolitionist Protested Lead a mob which called for Glover’s release, broke in and set free Marshal was arrested Booth was arrested