1. The Debate over Slavery

2. A.The Expansion of Slavery 1. Victory in Mexican war added over 500,000 miles to US and renewed the debate over slavery

3. The Debate over Slavery 2. some wanted to run 36° parallel line to the Pacific coast and divide entire country into free and slave territory

4. The Debate over Slavery 3. Wilmot Proviso – stated that neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of the new territory a. Never became law

5. The Debate over Slavery 4. Growing sectionalism – people favor the interests of one region over the interests of the country as a whole

6. The Debate over Slavery 5. Hoped to solve slavery conflict with popular sovereignty – allow voters in territory to decide whether they wanted to ban or allow slavery

7. The Debate over Slavery 6. Northerners so antislavery that they form new political party – the Free Soil Party "free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men"

8. The Debate over Slavery 7. Should California enter Union as free or slave state?

9. The Debate over Slavery a. Californians opposed slavery and hoped to enter as free state b. many opposed California entering as free state because it would upset balance

10. The Debate over Slavery We are about to permanently destroy the balance between free and slave states.

11. The Debate over Slavery B. The Compromise of 1850 – Henry Clay 1. Let California enter as free state 2. Popular sovereignty will decide status of slavery in New Mexico

12. The Debate over Slavery 3. Texas gives up land claims in New Mexico - fed govern gives Texas money in exchange

13. The Debate over Slavery 4. End slave trade – NOT slavery – in capital 5. New, more effective fugitive slave law

14. The Debate over Slavery * Southerners against compromise and want Cali to be a slave state * Northerners agree with compromise and are against slavery

15. The Debate over Slavery C. The Fugitive Slave Act – made it a federal crime to help runaway slaves

16. The Debate over Slavery 1. Runaways can be arrested in states where slavery is illegal 2. Those who assisted faced 6 months in jail and $1000

17. The Debate over Slavery 3. African Americans flee to Canada to escape persecution from Fugitive Slave Law

18. The Debate over Slavery 4. Northerners do not like Slave Laws a. do not agree with lack of trial by jury b. dislike high fee for returned fugitives

19. The Debate over Slavery c. Northerners tried not to use violence *Northern abolitionists killed a deputy marshal when trying to rescue Anthony Burns, a fugitive slave

20. The Debate over Slavery D. Antislavery Literature 1. Abolitionists use stories of fugitive slaves to help their cause

21. The Debate over Slavery 2. Best know narratives by Fredrick Douglass and Sojourner Truth

22. The Debate over Slavery 3. Uncle Toms Cabin – book that shows what slavery was really like a. written by Harriet Beecher Stowe