“Sedona Framework and 6loWPAN” February 2009 Scott Muench – Senior Applications Engineer Ed Merwin - Director Channel Sales Marc Petock – VP Marketing © 2009 Tridium, Inc,

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Sedona Framework and 6loWPAN The Sedona Framework and 6loWPAN - A Platform for Small Devices / The Internet for Wireless Devices This session of TridiumTALK is an educational forum focused on wireless technologies, the benefits of wireless networks in real world building automation applications, and an introduction to the Sedona Framework, Tridium's newest embedded device technology that distributes decision making control and manageability to any device and brings intelligence and connectivity to the network edge and back.

Agenda Wireless Technologies 802.15.4 Wireless Microcontroller IPV6 6LoWPAN Sedona Framework

Wireless Technologies PDA/Smart Phone Browser Client Enterprise Applications Server Cellular Networks WiMAX & WiFi Networks Building Controller PAN Networks HVAC Power Security Lighting

Wireless Technologies Cellular (2.5G & 3G - > 10,000m) EDGE/HSDPA (Cingular) EV-DO (Verizon,Sprint/Nextel) MAN (Municipal Area Network - 10,000m) 802.16 WiMax - Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access LAN (Local Area Network – 30 to 100m) 802.11 a,b,g,n WiFi PAN (Personal Area Network > 30m) 802.15.4 / Zigbee / 6loPAN RFID & Bluetooth

Multiple Wireless Protocols Controllers will need to support multi-wireless protocols Multiple ports and multiple antennas Same story as wired world multi protocols just no wires! Need for both a gateway and integration platform

Wireless Value Proposition Installation cost Resource savings Implementation time Ideal for moving and movable assets Operational Savings Travel, Labor

Wireless Issues & Concerns Batteries Replacement labor Environmental Issues New battery and power technologies Loss of Service We deal with it every day Must be considered Self healing networks and smart routing

What is 802.15.4? IEEE standard for low cost, low speed, low power wireless communication Targeted at device to device communication Supports multiple frequencies, including the worldwide unlicensed 2.4 GHz band Sixteen 802.15.4 channels Shares spectrum with 802.11 (WiFi) and Bluetooth 250 kbit/s data rate @ 2.4 GHz 127 bytes max packet length Each device has a unique 8 byte identifier (MAC address)

802.15.4 Networks 802.15.4 specification defines methods by which devices can form networks Networks are known as Personal Area Networks (PANs) Each network has a unique PAN ID Three type of nodes – coordinator, routers, end device Network is managed by the “coordinator” When end devices start up, they broadcast a request to associate with a network Coordinator will respond to association request and assigns address to device, updates routing tables throughout the network Multiple network topologies supported, but not specified by standard. types include star, tree, linear and mesh Each topology requires a different routing algorithm

Star Network Simplest network All traffic routed through coordinator Limited coverage and quantity since all nodes must be within RF range of the coordinator Requires smallest code and memory footprint End devices can sleep to conserve power

Tree Network Larger coverage area than star network Messages between nodes must get routed to first common ancestor End devices (G & H) can sleep Moderate code and memory requirements A self-healing tree can re-route automatically if link to parent is broken Example: If G loses communication with E, it could become a child of B

Linear Network Specialized version of the tree network with similar code and memory requirements Large coverage area Single path between all devices

Mesh Network Each node dynamically determines best path to other nodes, changing its routing as paths fail or degrade Most complicated routing algorithm, requires largest code and memory footprint All devices that perform mesh routing must be powered

Hotel Case Study Hotel PTAC Unit Control Cost Sensitive Product Cost Sensitive Industry Low Tech Install and Maintenance Potential for Savings Energy and Operational Only cost effective solution was wireless Technology had to be “Built-In” A PTAC Control “Appliance”

Wireless Appliance Architecture Wireless Node Web Based Controller Front Desk Browser Local Area Network Wireless Network

Gateway Node Full Function Node Orbital Node Gateway & Controller Orbital Nodes support the device application and are managed by Full Function Nodes Full Function Nodes automatically form and manage the network as routers Gateway Node supports communication to the network via wireless protocol Gateway & Controller

Wireless Microcontroller Wireless Microcontroller – More than a radio 32-bit RISC Low Power Long Range Chips, Modules, Evaluation Kits Wireless Networking Software Standards-based IEEE802.15.4, ZigBee, IPv6 Highly secure Co-existence with other wireless infrastructure Applications High volume consumer markets RF Remotes, Toys, Gaming Industrial, Building, Medical Automotive, Metering, Asset Tracking

Wireless Connectivity Solution Wireless Microcontroller Highly Integrated “Single Chip Solution” Feature rich microcontroller + IEEE802.15.4 compliant transceiver Networking Stacks Designed for flexibility, low power operation, co-existence, stability and robustness For sensor and control networking

IPv6 Next generation of Internet Protocol (IP) addressing scheme Expands address space from 4 bytes to 16 bytes 2128 bits worth of address space ~3.4 x 1038 addresses Lots of address space = well suited for addressing devices and M2M applications Every switch, lamp, appliance, etc. in your home can now have its own IP address Uses different notation for specifying addresses IPv4 - 192.168.0.1 IPv6 - 2001:0db8:0000:0000:a526:2962:3960:c0e1

What is 6LoWPAN? 6LoWPAN = IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks Internet standard defined by IETF RFC4944 – Transmission of IPv6 packets over IEEE802.15.4 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4944.txt Large open community concerned with evolution of the Internet architecture – network designers, operators, vendors, researchers Enables 802.15.4 wireless devices to interoperate with other IP-enabled devices using standard protocols An extension of wired IP into the wireless domain….. Benefits: global addressing / routing – it’s a Standard.. Devices have globally unique addresses

6LoWPAN - Purpose To extend IP services down to low power, embedded wireless devices – sensors, controls, actuators Enabling IP and wireless to work together Small packet sizes, low power consumption, a protocol stack suitable for embedded devices – small footprint, efficient 6LoWPAN defines IPv6 packets over IEEE802.15.4 Packet fragmentation, header compression, multi-hopping Compact and efficient implementation for low power wireless Clusters of wireless nodes connected to the wired infrastructure Nodes within a cluster talk wirelessly Nodes on different clusters talk through the wired domain Benefits from reuse of existing IP infrastructure Simple integration and deployment

Why use 6LoWPAN? Leverages existing standards IP is the field-proven protocol winner Generic solution regardless of device or application type Permits integrating 802.15.4 devices without requiring gateway cognizant of the application A programming tool can communicate directly to a device without special application software and mapping, communications are simply routed through the network! Works with wired and wireless devices, just like the computer world, just like the telecom world. A smart 6LoWPAN router can present an IPv4 address. In this case the router will have a configuration table to handle mapping the extended address to IPv4 addresses.

Basic 6LoWPAN Network Internet, Note that the 6lowpan does not need to be cognizant of the device types on the mesh network – it simply converts the packet headers between IPv6 and 6lowpan format. Control

6LoWPAN Network Overview 802.15.4 MAC JenNet 6LoWPAN/IPv6 Sedona Wired IP/Ethernet Infrastructure Wired Control Network Cluster 1 (VendorNet Network, RF Channel 2) Cluster 2 (VendorNet Network, RF Channel 4)

Technology Evolution Devices need to communicate, control, alarm, and serve data Devices are usually connected in vertical system silos Integration is generally across a wired network Lighting Security HVAC A/V LAN

Personal Area Network Conference Room PAN Emerging technology allows communication in groups of PANs Personal Area Network Add more processing power Local energy management and optimization Card swipe Opens door Turns on lights Resets temperature Resets ventilation A/V On Resets lights Conference Room PAN

Wired / Wireless Solution Wireless works well in some environments but isn’t suited for all situations Use a wired backbone Extends range of wireless network Eliminates RF interference in problem areas Wired backbone acts as a high-quality wireless link Wired/wireless devices form single network with IP addressing throughout Similar to deploying both WiFi and wired Ethernet connections Best of both worlds! FIXX – need to build stronger case for wired solution – what are we tr

Wired / Wireless Network Controller

The pieces thus far… Sedona is the programming model for M2M devices 802.15.4 is the technology for wireless device 6LoWPAN enables IP communication to 15.4 devices Jennic has a single chip solution capable of running an app and using 6LoWPAN A wired/wireless solution provides the most flexibility One last missing piece to complete the infrastructure…

New Device Level Technology Software Framework for Embedded Devices Pushing Technology to Edge Devices Smaller - Faster - Easier Wired - Wireless Open Source

Sedona Framework Components Language: component based (function blocks, drivers, apps) Virtual Machine: portable runtime Multiple vendor independent, low cost, hardware platforms Control Engine: modules of components Loops and Logic in low level devices Relays, switches, sensors, actuators Programming Tool: graphically assembling components into new applications Communications: connectivity via IP, serial bus, 802.15.4 wireless – 6LoWPAN IPV6 Addressing - 2001:db8:0:0:7:62:60:e1 Driver Library Open Source: Core technology licensed under AFL 3.0 Compiler Virtual machine and runtime Sedona protocol (Sox), web server, basic control blocks

Sedona Device Architecture BACnet, Modbus, SOX … Virtual Machine Communications Control Engine Web Server Wired RS-485 Ethernet Wireless 802.15.4 6LoWPAN Hardware Independent Atmel, Jennic, AMCC, …

Multiple Systems, Hardware & Protocols One Programming Tool Smart Actuator SOX SOX Modbus Lighting BACnet Thermostat Sedona Programming Tool

Niagara Wired Wireless

Sedona Framework Supports IPV6 over wired and wireless IP, MSTP, 802.15.4 Every device has its own Internet IPV6 address Reuse Internet IP infrastructure High Speed Robust Control Industrial Control Quality Small Footprint More decision power at the edge device level Sedona – Can Jump Start Development Faster time to market Cost effective - makes an existing device “Network & Wireless Ready” Open Source

More Information www.niagara-central.com www.6lowpan.org www.tridium.com www.niagarasummit.com www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPv6Addressing.htm

Question and Answer Session Type your questions in to the chat area Feel free to speak up for further discussion Please introduce yourself, company name, and where you are calling from.

Thank you! We would like your feedback on today’s TridiumTalk Please take a moment to answer our short survey If you have any further questions, comments or topic suggestions, please email them to SalesSupport@tridium.com Ed Merwin Marc Petock Scott Muench