Energy & Transformations

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Presentation transcript:

Energy & Transformations THERMAL ENERGY & HEAT

Heat vs. Temperature Thermal Energy: The total kinetic and potential energy of molecules of a substance. Heat: A measure of the energy transferred from a warm body to a cooler one. Temperature: A measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules of a substance. Heat transfers naturally from an area of high temperature to low temperature. Higher temperature = higher thermal energy

Methods of Heat Transfer Conduction: The transfer of heat by direct contact. Convection: The transfer of heat through a fluid. Radiation: The transfer of heat by means of electromagnetic waves (EM).

Thermal Kinetic Energy & Temperature We experience thermal KE as heat and heat is related to the temperature of a substance. Formally, the heat being released (or absorbed) is given by the equation: Specific Heat Capacity: A characteristic physical property, defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 10C. Where: Q = Heat transferred (J) m = mass (kg) ∆T = change in temperature (0C) c = specific heat capacity (J/ kg 0C)

Example #1 How much energy is required to raise 357.0 g of gold by 130 C?

Example #2 Determine the temperature change of 7.54kg of concrete if 4542 J of thermal energy is lost.

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