1. Ch. 6 – Thermal Energy

2. Sec. 1 – Temperature & Heat ENERGY Kinetic (KE) Potential – (PE) Energy of Motion Energy Stored

3. Temperature : Average KE of an object’s atoms or molecules Measured with a thermometer

4. Temperature Scale Conversions: 0 C = K – 273 K = 0 C + 273 0 F = [(9/5) x 0 C] + 32 0 C = (5/9) x ( 0 F – 32) What is 0 0 C in K and 0 F? 273 K and 32 0 F

6. Thermal Energy = KE + PE of all atoms in an object Thermal Energy Temperature Thermal Energy Mass

7. Heat = thermal energy that flows from higher temp to a lower temp Units = Joules (J) or calories (cal)

8. Specific Heat = amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 kg of a material by 1 degree C of K In other words: How fast does a material get hot or cold? Which has a higher specific heat? Water or Iron

9. Q = m x T x C Heat (cal or J) Mass (g) Temp (C) Specific heat (cal/g 0 C) or (J/g 0 C) = Change in Calculations

10. (+) Change in Temp = heat flows into an object Melting ice

11. (-) Change in Temp = Heat flows out of an object Freezing a Popsicle

12. Calorimeter = Measures specific heat

13. Sec. 2 = Transferring Thermal Energy

14. 3 Types of Heat Transfer

15. CONDUCTION = by touch or contact; KE is transferred as particles collide

16. CONVECTION = the movement of heated particles in a fluid (liquid or gas) Creates circular currents

17. Convection currents create climates.

18. RADIATION = heat transfer by electromagnetic waves Fastest in gases

19. How do these animals control the flow of heat?

20. Conductor vs. Insulator Heat moves easily Solids Ex: Metals Heat doesn’t move easily Gases Ex: Thermos, Air, Plastic