Element Guide 2

Atomic Number = protons or electrons Determines the element 2

Learning Check State the number of protons for atoms of each of the following: 1. Nitrogen A) 5 protons B) 7 protons C) 14 protons 2. Sulfur A) 32 protons B) 16 protons C) 6 protons 3. Barium A) 137 protons B) 81 protons C) 56 protons

Element Guide 2 He Atomic Number: Proton or electron Symbol: explains name of the element. He

Symbol One or two letters chosen to represent an element. The first letter is the only one capitalized Ex: H- Hydrogen Ex: Cu- Copper Ex: Au- Gold 2 He

Element Guide 2 He 4 Atomic Number: Proton or electron Symbol: Name of element 4

Everything in the nucleus of an atom. Protons + Neutrons (nucleus) Mass number - atomic number = neutrons Example: Mass number Mass number 14. Atomic number is 7 Neutrons= (14-7) 7 Atomic Mass 2 He 4 Everything in the nucleus of an atom. Review

Learning Check Using the periodic table, specify the atomic mass of each element (round): 1. calcium __________ 2. aluminum __________ 3. lead __________ 4. barium __________ 5. iron __________ 40 amu 27 amu 207 amu 137 amu 56 amu

Element Guide 2 He 4 Atomic Number: Proton or electron Symbol: name of element He 4 Atomic Mass: protons + neutrons

Elements element atom nucleus protons neutrons electrons

P:1 N:0 E:1 P:2 N:2 E:2 P:3 N4 E:3 P:4 N:5 E:4 P:5 N:6 E:5 P:6 N:6 E:6 P:7 N:7 E:7 P:8 N:8 E:8 P:9 N:9 E:9 P:10 N:10 E:10 P:11 N:12 E:11 P:12 N:12 E:12 P:13 N:14 E:13 P:14 N:14 E:14 P:15 N:16 E:15 P:16 N:16 E:16 P:17 N:18 E:17 P:18 N:22 E:18

First orbital has a max of 2 electrons Valence Electrons How Many Valence Electrons Outer electron on last orbital Determines the reactivity of an element Determines which elements it bonds with Remember 2,8,8 (or 18). First orbital has a max of 2 electrons Second orbital has a max of 8 electrons Third orbital has up to 8 or 18 electrons 2 8 8 or 18

VE:1 E:2 VE:1 VE:7 VE:2 VE:3 VE:4 VE:5 VE:6 VE:8 VE:1 VE:2 VE:3 VE:4 VE:5 VE:6 VE:7 VE:8

Atomic Structure Models Objective Create a model of an atom of specific elements Materials Paper plates Glue 3 colors of Colored cereal Task Choose a different color for protons, neutrons and electrons Figure out how many protons your element has Figure out how many neutrons your element has Figure out how many electrons your element has Using a marker or a pen, draw a circle for the nucleus and one, two or three circles to be the orbitals Glue Trix onto plate to show the correct number of protons neutrons and electrons Do this for one element in period 2 and one in period 3

VE:1 VE:7 VE:2 VE:3 VE:4 VE:5 VE:6 VE:8 VE:1 VE:2 VE:3 VE:4 VE:8 VE:5 Lewis Dot Structure Represents Valance Electrons VE:1 VE:7 VE:2 VE:3 VE:4 VE:5 VE:6 VE:8 VE:1 VE:2 VE:3 VE:4 VE:8 VE:5 VE:6 VE:7 VE:8