Reconstructing Society

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Presentation transcript:

Reconstructing Society Section 12.2

Conditions in the Postwar South Economic Problems Property Damage Confederate Debt No Labor Force Increased taxes help pay for public works projects – schools, hospitals, RRs, bridges

Politics in the Postwar South Scalawags: White Southerners who joined the Republican Party. Carpetbaggers: Northerners who moved South after the war.

Politics in the Postwar South African American Voters Outnumber white voters in many areas Majority are Republican Republican Party splits over commitment to civil rights and Northern interference in Southern politics.

Former Slaves Face Challenges Postwar Victories Families are reunited Take advantage of educational opportunities Form churches and volunteer organizations Enter into politics Hiram Revels – First African American Senator

Former Slaves Face Challenges Postwar Challenges Hesitate to test freedom Many families never find each other Violence Sharecropping

Changes in the Southern Economy “Forty Acres and a Mule” Promise made by General Sherman to freed slaves to receive land of old Plantations President Johnson orders land returned to original owners Rather, 44 million acres of poor land given to former slaves

Changes to the Southern Economy White plantation owners face labor shortages Alternatives to Wage Labor Sharecropping: Supplies given to laborers; laborers give % of their crops back Tenant Focus: Laborers rent land, provide own tools, and keep all their crops

Changes to the Southern Economy Cotton Loses Value Overproduction  Low Prices Southern banks fail frequently and can’t offer credit to people Anger taken out on African Americans