Bell Work What are the Middle Colonies? Who settled them? Fill in your map if it is not yet completed.

Settling the Middle Colonies

Objectives Identify the location of the Middle Colonies and the people who founded them. Describe how religion affected the founding of the colonies.

Farming Land Flat plains, rolling hills, grassy meadows, and thick forests Better for farming than in the New England Colonies Was able to export food. Long summers and good rain amounts Crops: Wheat, Corn, and Rye “The Breadbasket” colonies

Water Sources Several large harbors along the Atlantic Ocean Harbors were connected to the regions waterways Rivers went far inland making trade easier

The Netherlands Remember: The Dutch controlled New Netherland Life was prosperous in the Netherlands unlike in England where there was religious conflict and economic turmoil

Africans in New Netherland Slaves were in the colony Some were free, but had to pay yearly to stay free 1660 – Stuyvesant gave land on Manhattan to about 40 former enslaved people This land became New Netherland’s first community of FREE AFRICANS

English want control 1664 – King Charles II gave his brother James, the Duke of York the land between Maine and the Delaware River This land included New Netherland

WAR??? The Duke of York sent 4 warships to take over New Netherland Stuyvesant wanted to fight, but the colonist did not want to due to lack of people and gun powder Stuyvesant surrendered New Netherland to the English without a gun shot being fired.

Dutch Colony Split New York New Jersey Duke of York keeps for himself New Amsterdam becomes NYC Dutch stayed and were promised fair treatment New Jersey The Duke gives NJ to his friends, John Berkeley and George Carteret Offer land at low prices Most that come are with the Quakers known as the “Society of Friends”

Quakers Believed ALL people were equal Refused to fight in wars or swear loyalty to any king Thousands of Quakers were forced to leave England 1674- group bought land from Berkeley and found Salem, NJ  The first Quaker settlement

Pennsylvania and Delaware 1681 – King Charles II gave a charter to William Penn, an English Quaker Penn was the proprietor (or owner) of what is now Pennsylvania

A New Plan of Government (PA) Penn got the land due to money owed his father Pennsylvania = Penn’s Woods Penn wanted all people to live peacefully in PA He wanted Native American’s to be treated with JUSTICE

Pennsylvania Government 1682 – wrote by Penn THE FRAME OF GOVENRMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA The plan set up a legislature called the General Assembly Later wrote Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges – allowed white men to elect representatives to the Assembly Citizens had the following privileges: Freedom of speech Freedom of religion Right to a fair trial by a jury Trial By Jury -group of citizen decides if a person is guilty or innocent of the crime

Relations with Native Americans Penn wanted to live together in peace with the Native Americans 1682 – met with TAMANEND and other Lenni Lenape leaders Penn paid them for the land that King Charles had given him He built long lasting relationships with the Native Americans

What was unique about the Middle Colonies’ economy? Wrap Up

Homework Using the two sources provided, I’d like you to complete an APPARTS worksheet for each.