Small Business Forum June 26, 2008 Overview of OSHAs Young Worker Initiative Elise Handelman, Director Office of Occupational Health Nursing Directorate of Science, Technology and Medicine Occupational Safety & Health Administration Technical Session 7

Session Purpose Describe OSHAs Young Worker Initiative Injury/Illness and fatality rates Young employee characteristics Control measures Employer prevention strategies Resources

Fundamentals The Law The Agencies The Research

75-80% of teens report that theyve held jobs before completing high school 15- to 17-year-olds with jobs work an average of 18 hours per week during school months & 23 hours per week during summer months Most teens work before theyre 18 Current Population Survey, 2006; Institute of Medicine, 1998

Photos by: Rebecca Letz Labor Occupational Health Program University of California Berkeley

Teen injuries Teen work * Institute of Medicine, 1998 Teen Worker Injury Experience *

Rates* by Age of Work-related Nonfatal Injuries & Illnesses Treated in ED 1999 Age *National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS); Rates are per 100 FTE

Teen Worker Injury Experience Emergency Department 1999* Cuts 30% Contusions 16% Sprains 13% Burns 5% Fractures 4% * NEISS; N= 84,000

15% - 44% of injured teens who receive workers compensation* have been found to suffer permanent disability Seriousness of injury * Maryland Occupational Safety & Health, 2006 Teen Worker Injury Experience $59K Eric, 18, spinal cord injury sustained from car crash

:07 A teen is injured every seven minutes on the job Teen Worker Injury Experience

Using cutting &/or non-powered hand tools Handling hot liquids & grease Working around cooking appliances Continuous manual lifting of heavy objects Teens get injured doing common potentially hazardous tasks: Teen Worker Injury Experience

Working late at night or alone Operating tractors or heavy machinery Driving or working around motor vehicle Working near electrical hazards while using ladders, poles, etc Teens get injured doing common potentially hazardous tasks: Teen Worker Injury Experience

Fatality Rates*/10 5 FTE Age (years) * Rate for 15 year olds is for Windau & Meyer. Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries reported in Monthly Labor Review; Oct 05

Industry Distribution of Work Injury Deaths*, Percent (%) * Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries

Work-related Injury Death Events*, * Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Percent (%)

Adolescent Development (or Teens are not just small adults) Different patterns of work Minimal work experience Differences in size, development, maturity, and judgment

Positive attributes: High energy, enthusiastic, willing to learn, eager to please, seek adult approval Encourage not exploit, can-do attitude Risk-taking behavior Explore, experiment, and learn Lack sense of vulnerability Workplace as an adult setting Adolescent Development

Activities Collaboration Outreach to –Teens –Employers –Parents –Teachers/counselors

Child Labor Laws Afford protections from certain tasks and work hours

OSHA Teen Workers

Residential Construction

Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign

FedNet Department of Labor –Job Corp –OSHA –Wage and Hour Division/ESA Department of Agriculture Department of Commerce Department of Education Department of Transportation Environmental Protection Agency Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Housing and Urban Development National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Administration National Labor Relations Board

Contacts Office of Occupational Health Nursing

US-WAGE Presented by the U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division The Fair Labor Standards Acts Youth Employment Provisions

US-WAGE Federal Youth Employment Rules The Federal Youth Employment Provisions were enacted to ensure that when young people work, the work is safe, positive, and complements the educational process These rules can serve as a platform from which young workers can explorenot entirely free from risk the World of Work The Federal Youth Employment Provisions were enacted to ensure that when young people work, the work is safe, positive, and complements the educational process These rules can serve as a platform from which young workers can explorenot entirely free from risk the World of Work

US-WAGE Times When 14- and 15-Year-Olds May Work Between 7 AM and 7 PM; or Between 7 AM and 9 PM from June 1 through Labor Day; and Outside school hours Between 7 AM and 7 PM; or Between 7 AM and 9 PM from June 1 through Labor Day; and Outside school hours

US-WAGE Hours that 14 and 15 Year-Olds May Work No more than 3 hours on a school day, including Fridays No more than 18 hours during a week when school is in session No more than 8 hours on a non- school day No more than 40 hours during a week when school is not in session No more than 3 hours on a school day, including Fridays No more than 18 hours during a week when school is in session No more than 8 hours on a non- school day No more than 40 hours during a week when school is not in session

US-WAGE Retail & Service Jobs 14- and 15-Year-Olds May Do Cashiering and selling Price marking, assembling orders, packing Office and clerical work Bagging groceries Hand washing cars Cooking with electric or gas grills that does not entail cooking over an open flame Cashiering and selling Price marking, assembling orders, packing Office and clerical work Bagging groceries Hand washing cars Cooking with electric or gas grills that does not entail cooking over an open flame

US-WAGE 14- and 15-Year-Olds May Not perform work in occuupations that involve: Manufacturing and Mining The operation of power- driven equipment Transportation and Communications* Warehousing and storage* Most processing* occupations Construction* * Exceptions apply for office work Manufacturing and Mining The operation of power- driven equipment Transportation and Communications* Warehousing and storage* Most processing* occupations Construction* * Exceptions apply for office work

US-WAGE Hazardous Orders (HO) Most Teens Encounter HO 2- Driving a motor vehicle and being an outside helper HO 5- Power-driven wood working machines HO 7- Power-driven hoisting apparatus including forklifts HO 8- Power-driven metal forming, punching, and shearing machines HO 10-Meat packing or processing, including operating and cleaning power-driven meat slicers HO 11- Power-driven bakery machines, including vertical dough mixers HO 12- Power-driven paper products machines including loading, operating and unloading balers and compactors HO 14- Power-driven circular saws, band saws, and guillotine shears HO 15- Wrecking, demolition, and ship-breaking operations HO 16- Roofing operations and all work on or about a roof HO 17- Excavating operations HO 2- Driving a motor vehicle and being an outside helper HO 5- Power-driven wood working machines HO 7- Power-driven hoisting apparatus including forklifts HO 8- Power-driven metal forming, punching, and shearing machines HO 10-Meat packing or processing, including operating and cleaning power-driven meat slicers HO 11- Power-driven bakery machines, including vertical dough mixers HO 12- Power-driven paper products machines including loading, operating and unloading balers and compactors HO 14- Power-driven circular saws, band saws, and guillotine shears HO 15- Wrecking, demolition, and ship-breaking operations HO 16- Roofing operations and all work on or about a roof HO 17- Excavating operations

US-WAGE Exceptions and Exemptions Casual babysitting, newspaper delivery, modeling and acting Parental exception Apprentices Student Learners Casual babysitting, newspaper delivery, modeling and acting Parental exception Apprentices Student Learners

US-WAGE Additional Information Visit the WHD homepage at: Call the WHD toll-free information and helpline at Use the DOL interactive advisor system - ELAWS (Employment Laws Assistance for Workers and Small Businesses) at: Contact the nearest Wage and Hour Division Office Visit the WHD homepage at: Call the WHD toll-free information and helpline at Use the DOL interactive advisor system - ELAWS (Employment Laws Assistance for Workers and Small Businesses) at: Contact the nearest Wage and Hour Division Office

US-WAGE Disclaimer This presentation is intended as general information only and does not carry the force of legal opinion. The Department of Labor is providing this information as a public service. This information and related materials are presented to give the public access to information on Department of Labor programs. You should be aware that, while we try to keep the information timely and accurate, there will often be a delay between official publications of the materials and the modification of these pages. Therefore, we make no express or implied guarantees. The Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations remain the official source for regulatory information published by the Department of Labor. We will make every effort to keep this information current and correct errors brought to our attention. This presentation is intended as general information only and does not carry the force of legal opinion. The Department of Labor is providing this information as a public service. This information and related materials are presented to give the public access to information on Department of Labor programs. You should be aware that, while we try to keep the information timely and accurate, there will often be a delay between official publications of the materials and the modification of these pages. Therefore, we make no express or implied guarantees. The Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations remain the official source for regulatory information published by the Department of Labor. We will make every effort to keep this information current and correct errors brought to our attention.

Overview of OSHAs Alliance Program and its Youth-Related Outreach Washington, DC June 26, 2008 Lee Anne Jillings Director, Office of Outreach Services and Alliances Directorate of Cooperative and State Programs Occupational Safety and Health Administration The Business of Small Business: Part VIII Teen Summer Safety

OSHAs Cooperative Programs

The Alliance Program Broadly written agreements Established at OSHAs National, Regional, Area Offices or by State Plan States Formed with trade associations, businesses, educational institutions, government agencies (only if joined with non-governmental organizations) and unions 68 National Alliances 433 Regional and Area Office Alliances

Benefits of Participating in the Alliance Program Build a cooperative and trusting relationship with OSHA Network with other organizations committed to workplace safety and health Leverage resources to maximize worker protection Gain recognition as proactive leaders in safety and health (L-R) Guy R. Colona, P.E., Assistant Vice President, NFPA; Edwin G. Foulke, Jr., Assistant Secretary, USDOL-OSHA; William J. Erny, Senior Policy Advisor, Safety and Security Issues, API; Wayne Geyer, Executive Vice President, STI/SPFA at the National Alliance renewal signing on May 29, 2008

Results of the Alliance Program include: New and updated training resources Outreach to employers and employees through speeches and exhibits New and updated electronic assistance tools (e.g., eTools) Publications, case studies and success stories Media coverage of the Alliance Program activities Awareness Campaigns Screen Capture of the Alliance Program Participants Developed Products page Alliance Program Impact on Workplaces

American Red Cross American Society of Safety Engineers Club Managers Association of America Coordinating Committee for Automotive Repair National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and National Hearing Conservation Association National Safety Council Professional Landcare Network SkillsUSA Alliance Program Youth Focused Alliances

Alliance Programs Youth-Related Results and Successes Publications –Toolbox Talks (CMAA) –Youth Worker Outreach Brochures (PLANET) Electronic Assistant Tools –Restaurant Safety for Teen Workers Safety and Health Topics page Editorial board (CMAA) Exhibits –2008 Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign (IEC and NAHB) –2007 National Safety Congress and Expo –81 st Annual World Conference on Club Management and 31 st Annual Exposition Competition –PLANET Student Career Days

Alliance Program Results and Successes Awareness Campaign OSHAs Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign –2008: Construction: Build a Safe Work Foundation, with a focus on residential building –2007: Construction: Build a Safe Work Foundation –2006: Landscaping – Plant Your Feet on Safe Ground Picture of the Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign Poster Picture of OSHAs 2008 Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign Exhibit Booth

Signed: October 17, 2005 Renewed: December 18, 2007 Alliance Goal: Provide career and technical educators with access to training resources that will impact the occupational safety and health of young workers Alliance Focus: Youth OSHA's Assistant Secretary, Edwin G. Foulke, Jr., and Tim Lawrence, Executive Director, SkillsUSA sign a national Alliance renewal agreement on December 18, 2007 OSHA and SkillsUSA Alliance

OSHAs Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign North American Occupational Safety and Health (NAOSH) Week Federal Network for Young Worker Safety and Health (FedNet) Electronic Assistance Tools OSHA and SkillsUSA Alliance Results and Successes U.S. Secretary of Labor Elaine L. Chao kicks off the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) national 2008 Teen Summer Job Safety Campaign with Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health Edwin G. Foulke, Jr. and SkillsUSA students at Rockefeller Center in New York, NY

SkillsUSA National Leadership and Skills Conference and TECHSPO Regional Alliances SkillsUSA and OSHA Alliance-related Web page ( OSHA and SkillsUSA Alliance Results and Successes Screen Capture of the SkillsUSA and OSHA Alliance-related Web page

Signed May 2003; renewed November 2004 and April 2007 Focus: high school and collegiate level construction students More than 8,000 students in Western New York trained in construction safety and health OSHA and Lehigh Construction provide training for: –Vocational and high school students –Students taking construction engineering courses at area colleges –Students and contractors on Seneca Nation of Indians reservation OSHA Region II and Lehigh Construction Alliance Results and Successes Representatives from OSHA and Lehigh Construction Group at Alliance renewal on April 4, 2007

Alliance Program Web Page Screen Capture of OSHAs Alliance Program Web Page

Lee Anne Jillings (202)

Construction Industry: Safety and Teen Workers Kevin Cannon, Safety Specialist, NAHB Steve Cousins, Program Manager, Home Builders Institute US Dept. of Labor, Washington DC June 26, 2008

Introduction About NAHB Washington, D.C. based trade association whose mission is to enhance the climate for housing Approximately 235,000 members 850 State and Local affiliates (HBAs) Our members construct about 80 percent of the new homes constructed each year NAHB affiliates include the NAHB Research Center and Home Builders Institute (HBI)

NAHB Fatality Study Why conduct this research? To create a comprehensive database of fatalities that occurred in residential construction and specialty trades. To describe the contributing factors of fatalities in residential construction and specialty trades Where did the data come from? Fatalities that were recorded by the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) from This time period was chosen because industry classifications changed from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) in 2003.

Number of Fatalities by Industry Total=4777

Fatalities by Length of Service (time with employer) Total = 309

Fatalities by Event or Exposure

Fatalities by Age Residential construction and specialty trades, Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries Total = 984

Teen Worker Rules for Construction Under the Age of 16 Perform office or sales work Limited number of hours and times of day Ages 16 and 17 Cannot perform the following: Work involving the mixing, handling or transporting of explosive compounds Driving a motor vehicle or working as an outside helper Operating an elevator, crane, hoist, or forklift Operating power-driven woodworking machines and metal forming, punching, and shearing machines

Teen Worker Rules for Construction (cont.) Ages 16 and 17 Cannot perform the following: Operating power-driven circular and band saws and guillotine shears Working in wrecking, demolition, and shipbreaking Working in roofing and on or about the roof Working in excavation Ages 18 and older May perform any work in construction

NAHB Safety & Health Publications & Videos NAHB Fall Protection Handbook & Video NAHB Scaffold Safety Handbook & Video Jobsite Safety Handbook & Video NAHB Home Builders Safety Program NAHB Trenching and Excavation Safety Handbook (Spring 2009)

Workforce Development Trains and places skilled workers in residential construction Works to professionalize the skilled trades Promotes the home building industry as a career

Shortages in the Industry 10% growth in carpentry positions through % for electricians 10% for building maintenance through % demand increase for all construction occupations by 2016 High turnover for entry-level workers Retiring Boombers

Implements training programs that... Address industrys need for skilled workers Provide participants with the skills to build a career and better life Train participants using validated (NAHB) skills and industry-sponsored material. Have high job placement rates

Construction trades training

Safety from the top down! National Office Support HBI Safety Board Daily Safety Survey HBI Safety Handbook Membership (NSC) Tools (HBI Intranet) Instructor Certs (OSHA) Student Certs (OSHA 10)

HBI Safety Board Staff from every level & department Meets quarterly Designs & Evaluates Materials for Instructors Membership (NSC) Works directly w/HBI HR Dept. Daily Safety Survey & Web Page on HBI Intranet Provides Safety Training to staff (OSHA 10-30)

Daily Safety Survey & Intranet Safety Site

Shop and Work Site Safety Teach by Example PPE Tool Safety (PACT unit 1) Sed de Saber Construction Edition

Training Stations and Community Service HBI Carpentry Shop

REMINDERS Safety, Safety, Safety…

Is it important for students to have fun while learning?

Contact Information Rob Matuga, NAHB, ASVP, Labor, Safety & Health Services (800) ext Kevin Cannon, NAHB, Safety Specialist, Labor, Safety & Health Services (800) ext Steve Cousins, Program Manager, HBI (202)

SAFETY MECHANICAL SAFETY & POLLUTION PREVENTION

SAFETY

AVOIDING INJURY Understanding possible causes & consequences of work related injuries Understanding possible causes & consequences of work related injuries Eyes Eyes Hands Hands Ears Ears Feet Feet Back injuries Back injuries

AVOIDING INJURY Eyes Eyes

Hand Injuries Carpal tunnel Carpal tunnel

Back Injuries Lift

Proper lifting

PPE Identifying ways to prevent injury Identifying ways to prevent injury Proper use of PPE Proper use of PPE Know your surrounding Know your surrounding Slips & Falls Slips & Falls

PROPER USE OF EQUIPMENT Shop machinery Power Tools Hand tools Hydraulic, pneumatic & Electrical

SHOP RULES Operating vehicles Operating vehicles In case of emergency In case of emergency Fire hazards, Electrical, Chemical & Combustibles Fire hazards, Electrical, Chemical & Combustibles

Prevention & Pollution The information provided in MSDS The information provided in MSDS The Diamond emblem The Diamond emblem OSHA & EPA rules & regulations OSHA & EPA rules & regulations

CHEMICALS The blue indicates potential health effects The blue indicates potential health effects The red indicates explosiveness or readiness to ignite. The red indicates explosiveness or readiness to ignite. The Yellow concerns Reactivity The Yellow concerns Reactivity The white indicates special precautions The white indicates special precautions

FIRE EXTINGUISHER PASS PASS