1. Florida’s Student Workers How can we reduce their risk of workplace injury and death? A Presentation by USF SafetyFlorida

2. Students on the Job: How many are hurt and killed? In Florida, there were three teen work-related deaths in 2003. The injury rate of young workers is three times the rate of all workers.

5. Agricultural Work The most dangerous industry for young workers, Accounts for 42% of all work- related fatalities of young workers. Half the young victims in agriculture were under age 15

6. Agricultural Work Not covered by child labor laws 76% of the fatal injuries to agricultural workers under age 16 involved work in a family business. Hazards: machinery, confined spaces, work at elevations, and work around livestock. Young workers may also be exposed to agricultural chemicals (e.g., pesticides, fertilizers), noise, respiratory irritants, and toxic gases.

7. Work in Retail Trades: Fatalities The second highest number of workplace fatalities among workers younger than age 18 occurred in the retail trades (e.g., restaurants and retail stores). 63% of these deaths were due to assaults and violent acts, most of which were homicides. Homicide associated with robbery is the probable cause for one fourth to one half of all young worker fatalities in retail trades

8. Work in Retail Trades: Non-Fatal Injuries More than 60% of non-fatal injuries were eating and drinking establishments. Cuts and burns Knives, hot grease, hot surfaces, slipping. Food slicers, paper balers, forklifts, dough and batter mixers, and bread cutting machines.

9. Killed at Work Despite the Law 41% of occupational injury deaths of youth investigated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) occurred while the child was engaged in work prohibited by federal child labor laws.

10. How Are We Managing Young Worker Risk Today? Workers’ Comp costs –Insurance costs prompt some employers to train young workers to avoid risks Regulation –Florida and Federal labor laws.

11. Florida Regulation The 2004 Florida Statutes Title XXXI LABORTitle XXXI Chapter 450 MINORITY LABOR GROUPSChapter 450 PART I CHILD LABOR 450.001 Short title.450.001 450.012 Definitions.450.012 450.021 Minimum age; general.450.021 450.045 Proof of age; posting of notices.450.045 450.061 Hazardous occupations prohibited; exemptions.450.061 450.081 Hours of work in certain occupations.450.081 450.095 Waivers.450.095 450.121 Enforcement of Child Labor Law.450.121 450.132 Employment of children by the entertainment industry; rules; procedures.450.132 450.141 Employing minor children in violation of law; penalties.450.141 450.151 Hiring and employing; infliction of pain or suffering; penalty.450.151 450.155 Funding of the Child Labor Law program.450.155 450.161 Chapter not to affect career education of children; other exceptions.450.161 450.165 Child labor law and farm labor accounts.450.165

12. Federal Fair Labor Stands Act If you are 14 or 15, you can work... Outside school hours After 7 a.m. and until 7 p.m. Except from June 1 through Labor Day, when you can work until 9 p.m. You can work no more than: 3 hours on a school day, 18 hours in a school week, 8 hours on a non-school day, and 40 hours in non-school week. If you are 16 or older, you can work... Any day, any time of day, and for any number of hours. There are no restrictions on the work hours of youth age 16 or older. Different rules apply to farms, and individual States may have stricter rules.

13. Florida Regulation Who can work? –14+ Who is exempt from Minimum Age Requirement?

14. How Many Hours May Minors Work? Under Age 16, School in Session –Per Day: Three hours on all days except Saturday and Sunday, when they may work up to eight hours per day. –Per Week: 15 hours Under Age 16, School NOT in Session –Per Day: Eight hours –Per Week: 40 hours

15. How Many Hours May Minors Work? Age 16 & 17, School in Session –Per Day: Eight hours except Friday and Saturday when there are no restrictions. –Per Week: 30 hours Age 16 & 17, School NOT in Session –Per Day: No restrictions –Per Week: No restrictions

16. Regulation Which occupations are prohibited from all minors? –Jobs that are dangerous to the health and safety of minors: Manufacturing brick and tile Logging or sawmilling With toxic substances or corrosives, including pesticides, herbicides. Operating forklifts Wiring Operating power-driven meat and vegetable slicing machines Operating circular saws Working with compressed gasses

17. Regulation Employers who hire minors must have on hand proof of minor employee’s age. Employers must display a poster notifying them of the Child Labor Law. Anyone suspecting an employer of violating the Child Labor Law should contact the Child Labor office.

18. Regulation Federal prohibitions for driving cars and trucks –No driving for occupation under age 17. –At 17, work driving may be up to 1/3 of work day or up to 20% of work week. –Also prohibited at 17: delivery jobs and service calls to customers’ homes. –Vehicle must not exceed 6,000 GVW.

19. Who has the power to solve the problem of teen worker safety? Employers Parents Teenagers Public Agencies Public Health Researchers Educators Healthcare Professionals

20. More research is needed No Florida agency collects data on: –Number of students working full-time or part-time –Number of students injured on the job –Number of students working summer jobs

21. Where teens can get info: At school –School-to-work coordinator Florida’s Child Labor Compliance Office –800-226-2536

22. Federal Complaint Resources OSHA -- to make a health or safety complaint.to make a health or safety complaint Department of Labor Wage and Hour Office -- to make a complaint about wages, work hours, or illegal work by youth less than 18 years of age.to make a complaint about wages, work hours, or illegal work by youth less than 18 years of age. Equal Employment Opportunities Commission - - to make a complaint about sexual harassment or discrimination.to make a complaint about sexual harassment or discrimination.

23. Division of Professions – Child Labor Program Web SiteWeb Site

24. Youth Rules

25. Teen Workers Web Site

26. Reviewing the Hazards National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

27. Florida’s Student Workers Summary –Even though regulations prevent student-age employees from performing hazardous work, many are injured and killed. –Teen workers need to know from their parents, teachers, and employers their rights and the risks of their occupations. –More data needs to be gathered at a State level to get a comprehensive picture of teen workplace deaths and injuries. A Presentation by USF SafetyFlorida