The French and the Dutch in the New World By J. A. Sacco

French- Early Exploration and Settlement 1524- Giovanni de Verrazano-maps out North American coast- looks for NW Passage

French- Early Exploration and Settlement 1534- Jacques Cartier- map out St. Lawrence, but did not establish a permanent French colony French put exploration on hold for 60 years because of problems during the Protestant Reformation

French- Early Exploration and Settlement Early 1600’s-Samuel de Champlain helped establish a French colony in Acadia (Nova Scotia) 1608- Quebec becomes the capital of New France

Effects of the French in North America Est. a lucrative fur trade- did not create permanent colonies but “coureurs de bois” (runners of the woods)-lived among native Americans to learn culture and customs Jesuit missionaries-the “black robes”

France Disrupts the Native Americans French ally with the Algonquian in fur trade- displace the Iroquois who move into the Great lakes region who then displace the Huron tribe France would play one tribe against another Huron Algonquian Iroquois

The French Get Serious! French losing to Spain and England in colonizing the New World Louis XIV begins to accelerate French colonization 4,000 new immigrants/900 women? Royal wedding for women under 16/men under 20 Parents more than 10 children- get a financial bonus 1670- 9,000/ 1760- 70,000 in New France Louis XIV

France Explores the New World 1673- Jacques Marquette (priest) and Louis Joliet (fur trader)track the Miss. R- Gulf of Mexico

France Explores the New World Robert LaSalle- claimed land for France- called it Louisiana French begin to build forts along the Miss.R to help organize fur trade- Ft. St. Louis and Fort Detroit Rice, indigo, sugar, tobacco began to use slavery on southern Louisiana 1,800 slaves by 1721

New France in 1750

Success of New France? Why were the French unsuccessful in establishing a strong empire in the New World? Colonists had little say in colonial matters. Little attention from French government. Poor farmland/climate

The Dutch in the New World 1609- Henry Hudson looking for NW Passage Set up beaver fur trade with Iroquois Set up New Amsterdam (NY), Fort Orange (Albany) Profit for Dutch West India Company

Success of New Netherlands Dutch introduce the patroon system? Wealthy would sponsor 50 families by paying for their transport. These families would become tenant farmers. Few people volunteered. WHY?