1. French Colonization  Initial Colonization Efforts  Establishing the Fur Trade  Recruiting  Competition – The Dutch  Growth of French Colonies  Expanding Along the Mississippi  Missionaries

2. Failed Ventures  1534 - Jacques Cartier –Northwest passage –1535 -Tried to establish colonies along the St. Lawrence  1564 - French attempted a colony near Jacksonville, Fla  Learned from mistakes

3. First Economic Colony  Avoid the Spanish  1608 - Samuel de Champlain established Quebec –Fur trading post –Private venture - New France Trading Company

4. Establishing the Fur Trade  Furs in demand  St. Lawrence – transportation –Establish trading posts along the banks  Native Americans –Established amicable relationships (Algonquians). –Guns/tools for furs –Disease an issue

5. French–Native American Relations  Three reasons for positive relations 1.Interdependency 2.French weren’t a threat 3.Native allies of the French remained autonomous

6. Recruiting Colonists  No need –Fur trade didn’t require many people to operate  New World not popular  Cold  Wilderness  Unfamiliar

7. Purpose of Colony  This was a business colony –Make money and go home – young men  French often married native women  The population of French in Canada was small. (In 1650 – 700 men)

8. Competition - The Dutch  1609 – Henry Hudson - found Hudson River  1614 - Dutch established Ft Orange (Albany) as a trading post  1626 – Dutch purchase Manhattan island for $25 – named New Amsterdam

9. Relationship with Natives  Amicable  Guns for Furs  Traded with Iroquois, not Algonquians

10. End of the Dutch  Dutch neglected North America –Distracted by eastern colonization –Lack of immigrants  1664 - British seized New Amsterdam (New York)  1667, Dutch forfeit all possessions in N. America to England

11. French Growth in Americas  1663 - New France Co. sold the colony to the Crown  Crown feared British growth

12. Growth of New France  Land grants  Indentured servants/orphans  New France: –1650 - 700 –1663 - 3,000 –1700 - 15,000  English colonies in 1700 – 234,000

13. Why couldn’t they grow? They had the largest population in Western Europe, why couldn’t they grow? 1. Content in France 2. Immigrated to warm climates 3. Army

14. Missionaries  1620s - Jesuit missionaries - Great Lakes region  Indians initially indifferent, but warmed to Jesuits, why? –Jesuits not greedy –Jesuits learned native culture before converting  Had some success –Felt they had to accept Jesuits to maintain French trade (they were correct)

15. Pere Jacques Marquette  1666 –sent to New France  Built relationships with tribes in Northern WI, MI and Ontario – Huron and Ottawa  1673 –Marquette and Louis Joliet explore Mississippi River –First French to find the Mississippi

16. Further Expansion  Expanding along the Mississippi  The West Indies - slavery –Martinique –St. Lucie –Guadeloupe  Robert LaSalle, 1682 –Explored the Great Lakes, the Mississippi River –First European to travel the length of the river –Established small colonies/trading posts along this arc –Claimed territory along the Mississippi for France