South Asia: India Unit 8 Day 1 Chapter 25 Section 1 Pgs. 566-572

What is the early history of India? When invaders tried to conquer India, the culture was absorbed Early 1500’s: Muslims conquer and create Mughal Empire Customs conflict with native Hindus Indian culture is a blend of many cultures and customs. Mughal empire is Muslim and conflicts with native religion

What role did Britain play? Many European nations traded with India British win out and control trade In 1857, British take control of ruling India beginning the raj (lasted ~90 years) Nonviolent movement began by Mahatma Gandhi Wanted freedom from Britain raj India granted freedom in 1947 Violence between Hindus and Muslims breaks out Raj lasted for about 90 years

What government is in India? Largest democracy in the world Mix of American & British States held together by a strong central government Leader of the majority party is Prime Minister and head of government Population is over a billion 1.252 billion (2013) Government a mix of American and British Narendra Modi took office in 2014. First prime minister to be born after Indian independence. NEXT SLIDES: POVERTY IN INDIA

What are economic issues they face? Many live in poverty Land reform: attempts to redistribute land more evenly Green Revolution: new farming techniques increased food production High tech cities, such as Mumbai and Bangalore, show the future of India Reform failed because large land holders are rich and have influence to stop land reform GR: 1950’s India could not feed the growing population, but new farming equipment, techniques and fertilizers have helped India become self sufficient Cities like Mumbai and Bangalore

What is life like in modern India? Marriage and family at the center Still follow arranged marriages Largely vegetarian diet Soccer is popular sport Traditional music but pop music is becoming popular Bollywood!—Local film industry in Mumbai 18 major languages Most Indians still follow arranged marriages. ASK WHAT AN ARRANGED MARRIAGE IS! Marriages are male dominated and divorces are RARE Meat consumption is limited by the Muslim and Hindu religions Traditional music uses classic Indian instruments Local film industry in Mumbai

What is Hinduism? Hindi is the official language but English is spoken widely Hinduism: complex religion Belief in many gods Reincarnation: rebirth of souls after death Karma: Actions determine how you will be reincarnated 80% of population is Hindi Many other religions in India. However most Muslims left after Indian independence in 1947

What is the caste system? System of social classes Part of Hindu religion 4 basic castes Each caste had certain moral duties and performed certain jobs (Dharma) Untouchables, the Dalits, are the lowest status (not even considered a part of society) Caused discrimination and no longer legally practiced

Assignment for today Contrast the religions of Southwest Asia and India in a Venn Diagram (cite the text) Islam and Hinduism After your Venn diagram, explain in writing the differences between the religions in 2-3 paragraphs