Aim: Was imperialism more positive or negative? Discussion Questions: What were the circumstances of the Second Age of Imperialism? What were the effects of the Second Age of Imperialism? Key words: Scramble for Africa, Berlin Conference, White Man’s Burden, Mercantilism, Bias/POV: perspective

instructions On a separate piece of paper AND using the textbook chapter Answer the guided notes questions following the instructions Hand them in, with your guided notes sheet Count as one of your classwork grades (40%) Paragraphs should be 5-7 sentences with details and analysis

AIM: ____________________________________________________ Imperialism in Africa AIM: ____________________________________________________ A) Introduction The African slave trade lasted for over 300 years and had disastrous effects on African society and life. The African people were left divided and in a state of chaos, with no form of organized government. African slave labor played a major role in European and American economic success. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, Europe and America needed raw materials to keep up the production of factory goods. The Europeans knew that Africa was rich in these needed natural resources. It was only a matter of time before European nations began to divide up Africa to their liking, and this time the Europeans intended to stay. Why were Europe and America interested in the continent of Africa?

B) Africa’s Natural Resources Imagine that you were a European interested in African resources. Use the information on the map to the left to decide where you would set up a colony. Circle the location of your colony on the map. Why did you decide to place your colony there? Explain below.

C) African Tribes The African people are made up of hundreds of different tribes. Many of these tribes have their own language or dialect as well as their own culture and traditions. The map to the right shows the boundaries for each tribe’s territories. Circle the same area on this map as you did on the resource map above. How many tribes are in your territory? (Count them) 2. If you were a European, how might you use these tribes to help you take over the territory? 3. Why might it be difficult for you to create one government in your territory?

D) The Scramble for Africa and The Berlin Conference The competition for land in Africa was so fierce that European countries feared war among themselves. To prevent fighting, 14 European nations met at the Berlin Conference (1884) to divide Africa. They agreed that any European country could claim land in Africa by notifying other nations of their claims and proving that they could control the area. The European nations divided Africa without thinking about how tribes or ethnic groups were distributed. No African ruler attended these meetings, yet the conference sealed Africa’s fate. By 1914, only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free from European control.   What was the Berlin Conference? What were the two requirements for a European nation to claim an African territory?   1. 2.

Which 2 countries remained free of European control. Why. (Ask Mr Which 2 countries remained free of European control? Why? (Ask Mr. Redito for the answer)

E) The effect of Imperialism on the African People   European nations divided the continent of Africa among themselves, with little thought for how this might affect the Africans who lived there. While Europeans profited from African resources, the native people suffered terribly. A White Man Comes Down the River When we heard that the man with the white flesh was coming down the Congo River, we were astonished. We will prepare a big feast, I ordered; we will go to meet our brother and escort him to the village….. But as we approached, there were loud reports, bang, bang, bang, and fire sticks spat bits of iron at us. We were paralyzed with fear. “War, war,” I yelled. That was no brother! That was the worst enemy our country had ever seen. We fled into our village; they came after us. We fled into the forests and flung ourselves on the ground. When we returned that evening, our eyes beheld dreadful things: our brothers, dead, dying, bleeding, our village plundered and burned, and the water full of dead bodies. How would you describe the African people’s first encounter with Europeans? Could Africans have prevented the takeover of their continent? Why or why not?

Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia (1844-1913)

The Battle of Adwa (1896)