1. Bellwork Review: What company controlled India until 1858?
What started the Sepoy Rebellion.
Cartoon Analysis:
3. Describe what you see in this cartoon. What do the people represent? What are they doing?

2. The Scramble for Africa
Imperialism in Africa

3. Today’s Agenda Standards:
W.15 Describe the Berlin Conference and the rise of modern colonialism in the 19th Century
W.17 Compare the progression of imperialistic claims on the African continent using historical maps
Objectives:
I can explain and describe imperialism in Africa including European motives and the Berlin Conference.
I can analyze historical maps and use them to explain the progression of imperialistic claims on the African continent.
Bellwork
Notes
Scramble for Africa Game
Map Activity

4. NOTES

5. What was the “Scramble for Africa”?
The process of the invasion, occupation, and domination of African territory by European powers from (the start of World War 1).
By late 1880s, only 10% of Africa was controlled by Europeans
By 1914 (only 34 years later), Europeans controlled 97% of the continent.

6. Africa Before Imperialism
Hundreds of ethnic and linguistic groups (1,000+ languages spoken)
Many different religions
Most Africans followed traditional tribal religions
Politically ranged from large empires to small villages
Africans controlled their own trade
Coasts were easily accessible

7. The “Dark Continent”
For centuries, Africa was known as “The Dark Continent”
Why?
Mysterious to Europeans
Remained unexplored
Hard to navigate the rivers of interior Africa
Europeans stuck to the easily accessible coastlines
Lack of interest by Europeans

9. The “Opening of Africa”
Medical, scientific, and technological advances of the Industrial Revolution enabled European exploration of Africa
Vaccines, machine guns, steam engines, telegraph
European interest rises
David Livingstone, a British Missionary, explores the interior of Africa
He goes missing
Henry Stanley is hired by an American newspaper to find him
After finding Livingstone, Stanley continues to explore Africa for himself
Their travels and explorations generate interest in Africa

10. The 3 Gs GOLD GOD GLORY Why Africa?
Why were Europeans nations so interested in colonizing Africa in the late 1800s?
The 3 Gs
GOLD
GOD
GLORY

11. GOLD
Raw Materials and Resources (i.e., Gold, Diamonds, Rubber, Ivory, Coffee, etc.)
New Markets to sell their goods
Needed raw materials for their factories
New markets to sell their goods

12. GOD Wanted to convert Africans to Christianity
“White Man’s Burden”: It’s the duty of Western nations to “civilize” the Africans (Bring them medicine, technology, education, etc.)

13. GLORY Nationalism (belief that your country is the best)
Political rivalries, needed to be the best of the best
More colonies = More Pride
Empire = Greatness
Social Darwinism: Strong nations should conquer because they can

14. The Berlin Conference

15. Berlin Conference
The discovery of diamonds and gold intensified the scramble for European nations to establish their presence in Africa
European countries feared war could break out over Africa
In order to prevent conflict, European leaders agreed to meet at the Berlin Conference in 1844 to lay down rules for the colonization of Africa

16. The Berlin Conference Organized by Otto von Bismarck
Attended by 14 major European powers
NO AFRICANS were invited to attend!!!
Outcomes
Most powerful countries claimed the areas they wanted first
They agreed that any European nation could claim land by notifying other nations and showing they could control the land
All of Africa is divided, only Liberia and Ethiopia remained free of European control
Very little thought was given to how African groups would react
What effect do you think the Berlin Conference had on the group not represented?
Little thought or interest was given to how the natives felt. Why might this be a problem?

17. “The Magnificent African Cake”