EOC Review Part 1 The Enlightenment (1700-1800), C.1.1 An era in which the writings of famous philosophers influenced the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution) . John Locke Baron Von Montesquieu Natural law (natural rights) Separation of Powers Social contract

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.1 Enlightenment philosophies that influenced the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution). Natural law (natural rights)- John Locke All people are born with the right to life, liberty and property (happiness). The government does not give people these rights (liberties), the government’s job is to protect these rights. Social Contract- John Locke An agreement between the people and their government which defines the rights, duties and limitations of each.

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.1 Enlightenment philosophies that influenced the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution). Separation of Powers- Montesquieu A government’s power should be divided so one branch does not become too powerful. The U.S. government has 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial.

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.1 EQ: How did these Enlightenment philosophies influence the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution)? How can John Locke’s ideas of natural law (natural rights) and social contract be seen in the writings of the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution)? Thomas Jefferson paraphrased John Locke in the Declaration of Independence. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed”

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.1 EQ: How did these Enlightenment philosophies influence the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution)? How can Montesquieu’s ideas of separation of powers be seen in the writings of the Founding Fathers (Framers of the U.S. Constitution)? When writing the U.S. Constitution, the framers divided the U.S. government into three branches: the Legislative, Executive and Judicial.

EOC Review Part 1 Enlightenment Philosopher Philosophy What it means Influence John Locke Natural law (natural rights) People are born with natural rights to life, liberty and property Thomas Jefferson when writing the Declaration of Independence

EOC Review Part 1 Enlightenment Philosopher Philosophy What it means Influence John Locke Natural law (natural rights) People are born with natural rights to life, liberty and property Thomas Jefferson when writing the Declaration of Independence Social contract There is an unspoken contract between a government and it’s people. People consent to be governed by a fair government.

EOC Review Part 1 Enlightenment Philosopher Philosophy What it means Influence John Locke Natural law (natural rights) People are born with natural rights to life, liberty and property Thomas Jefferson when writing the Declaration of Independence Social contract There is an unspoken contract between a government and it’s people. People consent to be governed by a fair government. Montesquieu Separation of Powers When a government’s powers are separated, it is less likely to become a unitary system. Articles I, II and III of the U. S. Constitution.

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.2 EQ: What were some of the key influences on the colonists’ views of government? When writing the U.S. Constitution, the framers looked to other writings and forms of government to get ideas. These included: the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Common Sense.

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.2 EQ: What were some of the key influences on the colonists’ views of government? What was the Magna Carta? Written in England in the 1200’s One of the first written examples of Constitutional law. Limited the power of the monarch (king John) Where do we see the influence of the Magna Carta in our government today? The first example of rule of law Rule of law (a principle in the U.S. Constitution) says all people, rulers and citizens, must follow the law.

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.2 EQ: What were some of the key influences on the colonists’ views of government? What was the English Bill of Rights? Written in England in the 1600’s Limited the power of the monarch Demanded rights/ freedoms to the people Where do we see the influence of the English Bill of Rights in our government today? We have a Bill of Rights in our U.S. Constitution. (first 10 amendments)

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.2 EQ: What were some of the key influences on the colonists’ views of government? What was the Mayflower Compact? Written in the colonies aboard the ship the Mayflower It was a plan for self-government Where do we see the influence of the Mayflower Compact in our government today? The U.S. Constitution is a plan for self-government.

EOC Review Part 1 C.1.2 EQ: What were some of the key influences on the colonists’ views of government? What was Common Sense? Written in the colonies in the 1700’s It was a persuasive pamphlet Written by Thomas Paine Many colonists were unsure about breaking free from the British. Thomas Paine said it was only Common Sense to do so.