1. Review! Review! Review!
What is the difference between socialism and communism?
What is the difference between a representative democracy and a direct democracy?
What is the difference between an autocracy and an oligarchy?
Which form of government is led by a king/queen with limited power?
Which system of government gives more power to the states?
Which system of government gives divides power among the states and national government?

2. Foundations of American Democracy
EOC Review
Foundations of American Democracy
Ms. Croy
7th Grade Civics

3. Goals
Recognize how Enlightenment ideas influenced the founding fathers and ideas expressed in the Constitution

4. Key Vocabulary Consent of the governed Natural rights –
idea that the government is run by the permission of the people
Natural rights –
rights people are born with to life, liberty, and property
Social contract –
unspoken agreement between the people and the government. The people give the government power, as long as the government protect peoples rights.

5. Enlightenment Thinkers
John Locke
Believed in social contract (“Locked into a contract”)
Believed in natural law
Ideas are reflected in the Declaration of Independence description of “unalienable rights”
Baron de Montesquieu
Believed in separation of powers, where power is divided among three branches of government

6. Colonial Influences Magna Carta Mayflower Compact (1620)
(1215) document that limited the power of the king
Big ideas: limited government, people’s rights, rule of law, and due process
Mayflower Compact (1620)
created by Pilgrims on their way to America.
Big Idea: Self-government
English Bill of Rights (1689)
written by Parliament to limit the king and give more rights to the people
Big idea: limited government, rights
Common Sense (1776)
pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to convince Americans to become independent from England
Big Idea: social contract, independence

7. Colonial Influences Common Sense Magna Carta English Bill of Rights
Mayflower Compact
English Bill of Rights

8. Road to Independence
1767: Britain passed the Townshend act which placed new taxes on goods like tea
1763: The end of the Seven Years’ War resulted in huge debt for the British government.
1765: Britain passes the Stamp Act, which required all printed materials to be taxed. Colonists responded with boycotts.

9. Road to Independence
1773: Britain passes the Tea Act, which required colonists to buy tea only from British East India Tea Company. Colonists responded with the Boston Tea Party
1776: Thomas Paine wrote his pamphlet Common Sense to encourage people to demand independence, since Britain had broken the social contract.
1774: Britain passes several “Intolerable Acts,” including the Quartering Act, which ordered colonists to house troops.

10. Foundations of American Government
SWBAT understand the social, political, and philosophical influences of American government, including the ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence.
__________________
Document written in 1215 which established limited government
Written by the Pilgrims as the first form of self-government in the colonies
Document which limited the power of the king, gave more power to Parliament, and gave more rights to citizens of England.
Social Contract
Enlightenment idea which states ___________________________
______________________________________________________ (“Consent of the governed”)
Enlightenment thinker who believed in social contract, and that all citizens have a right to “life, liberty, and property” (Natural Law)
Baron de Montesquieu
Enlightenment thinker who came up with the idea of _______________________________________________, wherein we have three branches of government.
British tax on every piece of paper, legal document, license, newspaper, etc. Colonists responded with ____________________
Townshend Act
Placed new taxes on ____________.
Tea Act
Required colonists to buy __________ only from the British East India Company. Colonists responded with the _________________
__________________________________________.
_________________
Required colonists to provide housing for British soldiers
Thomas Paine’s
Pamphlet written in 1776 to convince colonists to finally declare independence from England because they had broken the social contract.
Magna Carta
Mayflower
Compact
English Bill of Rights
The people give power
to the government in exchange for rights.
John Locke
Separation of powers
Stamp Act
boycotts
tea
tea
Boston Tea Party
Quartering
Act
Common Sense

11. Which phrase completes the above diagram?
a. Separation of powers
b. Economic freedom
c. Self-government
d. Individual rights