Ch. 2 – Early Farmers and City Dwellers

Ch. 2 – Early Farmers and City Dwellers Ch. 2-1 Producing Food

drought A long period of time with little or no rain

domesticate to tame plants or animals for human use

livestock domesticated animals that provide resources (meat, eggs, etc.)

agriculture the knowledge of raising plants and animals

surplus an extra supply

Ch. 2 – Early Farmers and City Dwellers Ch. 2-2 Forming Complex Societies

subsist to survive

terrace Flat areas built on the slopes of hills and mountains

plow a tool used to cut, lift, and turn over soil

irrigation ways to move water to land

barter To trade for things people want

pastoral society a group of people living as nomads with herds of animals

Ch. 2 – Early Farmers and City Dwellers Ch. 2-3 Building Communities

division of labor a system in which people do different jobs according to their abilities and the needs of the group

merchant a person who sells goods bought from traders

social class a group that has a specific level of importance in a society

government an organized system of leaders and laws

urban relating to a city or cities

taxation a system in which people pay taxes to support a government

civilization A society with developed forms of religion and ways of governing