NOTES on New Immigration

Emma Lazarus Poem on Base Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed, to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!

“I came to America because I heard the streets were paved with gold… When I got here, I found out three things: First, the streets weren’t paved with gold; second, they weren’t paved at all; and third, I was expected to pave them”

Ellis Island

Southern and Eastern Europeans Motivation to move Push: Fleeing land shortage, job shortage, famine Pull: religious and political freedom Port of entry: Ellis Island in NYC (were steerage in the bottom of the boat)

3. Why Americans discriminated fear religious differences US = Protestant immigrants = Catholic, Jewish fear job competition 4. Anti-immigration policies Quota Act of 1924: only 2% of each nation’s present population allowed to enter De facto discrimination (socially enforced) i. Ghettos (secluded community)

Angel Island Immigration Station

Port of entry: Angel Island in San Francisco Chinese motive to move: push factor: fleeing land shortage and political revolution pull factor: job opportunities: build transcontinental railroad Port of entry: Angel Island in San Francisco

3. Why Americans discriminate fear job competition fear cultural differences fear of racial mixing

3. Why Americans discriminate fear job competition fear cultural differences fear of racial mixing 4. Anti-immigration policies Denis Kearney Disturbance: resent job competition… cut off hair of Asians and murder Denis Kearney wears a prison uniform in this lithograph called, "The Tables Turned : You Sabe Him? Kealney Must Go!" It was published by San Francisco book producer Isadore Nathan Choynski, and dates from late 1877 or early 1878, when Kearney had been jailed for inciting a riot. The San Francisco Board of Supervisors had passed an emergency ordinance banning incendiary speech following some of Kearney's fiery speeches.

Chinese Exclusion Act 3. Why Americans discriminate WHEREAS, in the opinion of the Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Be it enacted… the coming of Chinese laborers to the Untied States be, . . . suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States. 3. Why Americans discriminate fear job competition fear cultural differences fear of racial mixing 4. Anti-immigration policies Denis Kearney Disturbance: resent job competition… cut off hair of Asians and murder Chinese Exclusion Act: prohibit immigration of Chinese labor WHEREAS, in the opinion of the Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Chinese Exclusion Act Be it enacted… the coming of Chinese laborers to the Untied States be, . . . suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States.

3. Why Americans discriminate fear job competition fear cultural differences fear of racial mixing 4. Anti-immigration policies Denis Kearney Disturbance: resent job competition… cut off hair of Asians and murder Chinese Exclusion Act: prohibit immigration of Chinese labor Alien Land Law – non-citizen Asians could not own land Page Law: excluded all “Oriental Women from immigrating… assumed they were prostitutes WHEREAS, in the opinion of the Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Chinese Exclusion Act Be it enacted… the coming of Chinese laborers to the Untied States be, . . . suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States.

The Gilded Age Directions Add symbols, pictures, or phrases that explain the “American Dream” The Gilded Age (covered in gold, inside is junk) Freedom of speech, religion, press, and assembly “Rags to Riches” “Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness” The American Dream

American Indians

European Immigrants

Asian Immigrants “No more Washee! Playee Base-ballee! Sellee out Game, allee same Melican man!”

African-Americans

Label the following population centers Directions Label the following population centers American Indians SD, OK, 4 Corners European Immigrants New York City (Ellis Island), Chicago, Philadelphia Asian Immigrants San Francisco (Angel Island), San Diego African Americans Lower South Map Page 1,142

Label the following population centers Directions Label the following population centers American Indians SD, OK, 4 Corners European Immigrants New York City (Ellis Island), Chicago, Philadelphia Asian Immigrants San Francisco (Angel Island), San Diego African Americans Lower South