Conflicts in the Middle East Division of Palestine after World War II makes the Middle East a hotbed of competing nationalist movements. NEXT

A land disputed… 2400-1200 BCE – Canaan Israeli kingdom around 900 BCE Ottoman empire controlled from 1500-1917 During WWI- British encourage Arab revolt…why? Post WWI- British mandate to control Palestine From 1923-1947 – Palestine political boundary created Post WWII – Israel created – plan to include Palestine as well…but…war!

Conflicts in the Middle East Israel Becomes a State A Jewish Nation • Both Jews and Palestinians make historic claims to Palestine - begin settlement movement in Palestine to create a state • UN votes for formation of Jewish, Palestinian states in 1947 • Palestinians, nearby Arab nations reject creation of Israel NEXT

Israel and Arab States in Conflict Interactive Israel and Arab States in Conflict Wars Break Out -1948 • Arab neighbors attack Israel the day after it becomes new nation • Israel repels the attack, seizes additional territory The Suez Crisis - 1956 • Conflict begins after Egypt grabs control of British- held Suez Canal • Israeli troops seize back the canal with British, French support • International pressure prompts Israel to return canal to Egyptians Continued . . . NEXT

Arab-Israeli Wars Continue- 1967 • Israel defeats Arab countries in Six-Day War of 1967 - gains key land: Jerusalem, Sinai Peninsula, Golan Heights, West Bank • Egyptian leader Anwar Sadat launches Arab attack on Israel in 1973 • Israeli leader Golda Meir orders Israeli counterattack • Israel recovers most territory- Gaza, West Bank, Golan Heights The Palestine Liberation Organization • Many Palestinians living under Israeli rule, want their own state • Form Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO); Yasir Arafat leader Read 1017-1019 packet… NEXT

Rachel Corrie Olympia, WA

Efforts at Peace Sadat Moves for Peace • Egypt and Israel sign peace agreement, Camp David Accords, in 1979 • Egypt recognizes Israeli state; Israel returns Sinai region to Egypt • Many Arab countries angry at Egypt; extremists assassinate Sadat Israeli-Palestinian Tensions Increase • PLO continues armed struggle for own state during 1970s and 1980s • Palestinians launch intifada, or uprising, against Israeli rule in 1987 - campaign includes boycotts, demonstrations, attacks on army Image Continued . . . NEXT

Review vocab… Israel, Palestine Camp David Accords (today) Oslo Accords Yasir Arafat, Gamal Nasser Yitzhak Rabin, Ariel Sharon, Intifada

The Oslo Peace Accords • Secret talks result in Oslo Peace Accords in SECTION continued Efforts at Peace The Oslo Peace Accords • Secret talks result in Oslo Peace Accords in 1993 • Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin calls for Palestinian self-rule, Yasir Arafat signed • Rabin is assassinated by Jewish opponent of Palestinian self-rule • Peace plan stalls NEXT

Fairly recent attempts at peace… 1979 – Camp David Accords (Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat (Egypt), Menachem Begin (Israel)) 1993 – Oslo Accords (Bill Clinton, Yitzhak Rabin (Israel), 2003 – Roadmap for Peace (George Bush, Jr., Ariel Sharon (Israel), Yasir Arafat and Mahmoud Abbas (PLA))

Peace Slips Away The Conflict Intensifies Working Toward a Solution SECTION End of video clip… Peace Slips Away The Conflict Intensifies • Steps to revive peace plan fail; Israeli-Palestinian hostility grows • Second intifada arises in 2000; suicide bomber attacks on civilians • Israel responds with greater armed force, halt dealings with Arafat Stop here…discuss homework… Working Toward a Solution • Palestinians elect a prime minister to negotiate with Israel in 2003- Abu Mazen or Mahmoud Abbas • Israeli leader Ariel Sharon agrees to explore new U.S.-backed peace plan = Roadmap for Peace Homework tonight…Sharon interview… NEXT

How does religion fit into the picture? See chart…to prepare for essay on whether religion plays a role- and if so- what is it?