2. People around the world increase the fight for Jewish homeland in the region where the ancient Hebrews lived …..this is called Zionism

3. In 1917, the Ottoman Empire is defeated in WW1 and Britain gains control of Palestine.

4. More and more European Jews come to Palestine to escape anti Jewish activities and killings by the Nazis during WWII (Holocaust) 1947, the newly formed United Nations (UN) made a plan to partition Palestine into 2 states. An Arab and a Jewish state with Jerusalem as an international city.

5. Israel (Jewish) is declared an independent state The next day Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq and Saudi Arabia (Arab Nations) attack the new state When it was all over, Israel had expanded its’ territory by almost 1/3.

6. Palestinian (Arabs) groups join together and form the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) to represent displaced Palestinians and demand a Palestinian homeland. They elect Yasser Arafat as its chairman of PLO.

7. After 6 days of fighting, the Six Day War ends with Israel (Jews) taking the Sinai Peninsula and Gaza strip from Egypt, the Golan Heights from Syria and territory on the West Bank of the Jordan River. 1.5 million Arabs find themselves living under Israeli control.

8. PLO (Arab) increases its terrorist activities including civilian raids and airplane hijackings against Israel and Western countries that support Israel. Jordanian troops force the Palestinian organization out of the country forcing them to relocate to Lebanon

9. With support of Arab states, Egypt and Syria attack Israel during the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur.

10. This agreement is known as the Camp David Accords In the agreement, Israel has the right to exist and Israel promises to return the Sinai Peninsula. Anwar Sadat (Egypt) and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin meet with U.S. President Jimmy Carter and sign a peace treaty at Camp David in Maryland. Sadat Carter Menachem

11. Both groups supported by Syria and Iran and are made up of Muslims Both groups have led attacks on Israel Hezbollah and Hamas, two important Arab groups were founded Hezbollah – from Lebanon Hamas –from West Bank and the Gaza Strip

12. Israel withdraws from the Sinai Peninsula.

13. Intifada (uprising) happens when Israel sends its army troops to stop the protest of Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip, West Bank and Jerusalem.

14. Peace talks begin among Israel (Jews) and several Arab nations.1992 Israel (Jews) and the PLO meet in secret for nine months near Oslo, Norway.1993 This agreement is called the Oslo agreement Israeli (Jews) Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and the PLO (Arab) leader Yasser Arafat sign a peace treaty at the White House in Washington, D.C. Bill Clinton is President of the United States.

16. Rabin (Israel) and Arafat (PLO) sign an agreement that gives Palestinians even more self-government powers in the West Bank At a peace rally in Israel, Rabin (Israel) is assassinated by an Israeli man who believes that Jews should own and control the West Bank. Rabin is replaced by Shimon Peres

17. Israel begins building a controversial wall around the West Bank.

18. Yasser Arafat died and was succeeded by Mahmoud Abbas. President Abbas convinced Hamas to stop the attacks on Israelis.

19. Israel pulled out the troops that took over the Gaza Strip. Egypt now controls Gaza’s southern border.

20. Islamist militant group Hamas (Palestinian) took over the Gaza Strip splitting Gaza from the West Bank.