United States History 11 The First World War: “Peace Without Victory”

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Presentation transcript:

United States History 11 The First World War: “Peace Without Victory” Unit 2, Chapter 8, Section 4

Question column What was President Wilson’s Fourteen Points Plan for peace? What was resolved at the Paris Peace Conference? Why did Congress fight over the treaty? What was the impact of World War I on the United States and the world?

THE ALLIES DETERMINED THE TERMS FOR PEACE IN THE POST WAR WORLD Main Idea THE ALLIES DETERMINED THE TERMS FOR PEACE IN THE POST WAR WORLD

Wilson’s 14 points (A) expressed a new philosophy for U.S. foreign policy applied the principles of progressivism to foreign policy declared that the foreign policy of a democratic nation should be based on morality

wilson’s 14 points (B) public diplomatic negotiations and an end to secret treaties freedom of navigation of the seas free trade among nations reduction of armaments to the level needed for domestic safety fair resolution of colonial claims that arose because of the war Evacuation of Russia and restoration of its conquered territories preservation of Belgium’s sovereignty

Wilson’s 14 points (C) 8. Restoration of France’s territory, including Alsace-Lorraine 9. Redrawing Italy’s borders according nationalities 10. Divide up Austria-Hungary according to nationalities 11. Redraw the borders of the Balkan states according to nationalities self determination for the turks and other nationalities under turkish rule Creation of an independent polish nation creation of a league of nations

Treaty of Versailles Much harsher than Wilson wanted contained some of his 14 points established a League of Nations created 9 new nations Germany strongly protested but signed the treaty on June 28th, 1919

The Impact of World War I WWI: 14 million dead, 7 million permanently disabled, 280 billion dollars-more than any war in history political impact: overthrew monarchies in Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Ottoman Empire economic impact: American economy boomed, led to inflation, farmers lost markets social impact: 1 million women in workforce during war, led to passage of 19th Amendment in 1919, giving women the vote impact in europe: France in ruins, Britain broke, Germany crippled, and many unresolved issues resulting in another conflict in Europe in a generation’s time