Health Services

Surgeon General Vice Admiral (VADM) Vivek H. Murthy, M.D., M.B.A. Chief health educator- improve health and reduce the risk of injury and illness Appointed by the President with the advice of the Senate Serves for 4 years

Health at the National Level National Cancer Institute (NCI) Principle agency for cancer research Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Protecting the country’s air, water, and land Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Works to prevent injuries and safeguard the health of workers U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Anti-hunger effort with food stamp, school lunch, and breakfast programs Food Safety and Inspection Services (FSIS) Safety of meat, poultry, and eggs products

Health at the National Level –cont. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Oversees more than 300 health-related programs Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Ensures the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics National Institutes of Health (NIH) Conduct medical research and provide funding for medical research carried out at other institutions Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Programs that aid substance abusers and people with mental/emotional disorders Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Research and collect data that help to prevent the spread of diseases Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Enforce antitrust and consumer protection laws

Healthy People 2020 A set of national standards for disease prevention and health-promoting objectives to reach by the year 2020 Increase quality and years of healthy life Average life expectancy is 77 years Includes physical and mental well-being and ways to respond to the environment Eliminate health disparities in the population Gender, race/ethnicity, education/income level Ex. – less education= less healthy

Health Care Specialists Allergist- Allergies Dermatologist- Skin Disease Gynecologist- Female reproductive system Neurologist- Nervous system problems Oncologist- Cancer Ophthalmologist- Eyes Orthodontist- Teeth, bite and jaw alignment Orthopedist- Skeletal deformities and injuries Pediatrician- Care for children Urologist- Urinary tract problems

Health Care Services Inpatient Outpatient Private Practice Patient stays at the facility overnight Outpatient Patient is treated and then sent home Private Practice Physicians work for themselves. Patients are seen at an office and the physician is usually associated with a hospital Group Practice Doctors share offices, equipment, and support staff Urgent Care Staffed by primary care physicians Patients go if their primary care physician is unavailable or don’t have one.

Health Insurance Premium- fee for coverage Out-of-pocket- patient must pay for Deductible- amount the patient pays before plan starts to reimburse Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) Monthly premium and few or no o.o.p expenses Some require co-pay- only physicians with HMO Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) Monthly premium can choose provider o.o.p. for physicians not in plan Point of Service (POS) plans Members choose provider (in or out) Out is usually a higher o.o.p.