Year 8 - Islam Key words Revelation – Messages sent from God. Qur’an – The Islamic holy book. Mount Hira – The mountain where the Angel Gabriel revealed to Qur’an to the Prophet Muhammad. Hijrah – The Prophet Muhammad’s escape from Mecca. Shahadah – A declaration of faith “There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger”. Salah – Prayer that is performed 5 times a day. Sawm – Fasting during Ramadan. Fasting – not eating or drinking between sunrise and sunset. Ramadan – Islamic Holy month, believed to be the time when God revealed the Qur’an to the Prophet Muhammad. Zakat – Donating 2.5% of wealth to charity every year. Hajj – The Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca. Pilgrimage – A religious journey to somewhere holy. Year 8 - Islam Key beliefs 5 pillars The 5 pillars of Islam are 5 duties that a Muslim must perform in their life time. Shahadah: This pillar is the declaration of faith. Muslims say the declaration of faith as a commitment and promise to God. Salah: Salah means prayer. Muslims pray facing towards Mecca, 5 times a day. Sawm: This pillar is fasting, including not eating or drinking between sunrise and sunset during the month of Ramadan. Zakat: This pillar requires Muslims to share 2.5% of their wealth with the poor to purify and cleanse themselves. Hajj: This is when Muslims will go on a religious journey, a pilgrimage to Mecca. Most Muslims will try and make this journey at least once in their life. Life after death Muslims believe that after death, you will be judged by God based on your actions. God will then decide if you go to heaven or hell. Key people Prophet Muhammad – The last and most important of God’s messengers. Regarded as the leader of Islam. Ali – Muhammad’s cousin and the recognised leader after Muhammad by Shi’a Muslims. Abu Bakr – Muhammad’s closest friend and the recognised leader after Muhammad by Sunni Muslims. Abu Talib – A leader of the Koraish tribe and Muhammad’s uncle who looked after Muhammad after his parents died. Khadijah - Muhammad’s wife.