Changes in Medieval Society World History Chapter 14.2

Growing Food Supply HOW? Warmer climate Horses instead of oxen (faster) 3-Field System (2/3 of land used instead of half) EFFECT: Population increased (well fed, healthier)

Three – Field System

The Guilds Association of people who worked at the same occupation (like a union) working to improve econ. and social conditions Controlled Wages Prices Trade in towns

The Guilds First guilds were Merchants Enforced standards of quality (sizes, weights, etc) Trained apprentices Influenced governments & economy

Craft Guilds Masons Carpenters Painters Cloth Makers Tanners Blacksmith Butcher Plaster maker Saddle/Harness maker Bakers Shoemakers, or cobblers Apothecaries Candle makers Cheese maker Rope maker Gold/Silversmith Potter

Trade and Finance Expand Trade occurs in towns Now people aren’t self-sufficient Usury Lending money with interest Sin according to Church Merchants and artisans get loans to expand businesses  led to Financial Revolution

Urban Splendor Reborn Towns increase in population serfs run away from manor Challenges feudalism Towns built haphazardly No sewage system fire hazardous housing narrow streets

Revival of Learning Universities began in cities Writers writing in vernacular (everyday language of their homeland) rather than Latin Scholars gain knowledge from Muslims Thomas Aquinas said religion can be proven by logic

Assignment Complete the Guild & Commercial Revolution Worksheet