Fig. 1. APP/PS1;C3 KO mice show improved cognitive flexibility (reversal) compared to APP/PS1 mice at 16 months of age. APP/PS1;C3 KO mice show improved.

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Fig. 1. APP/PS1;C3 KO mice show improved cognitive flexibility (reversal) compared to APP/PS1 mice at 16 months of age. APP/PS1;C3 KO mice show improved.

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Fig. 1. APP/PS1;C3 KO mice show improved cognitive flexibility (reversal) compared to APP/PS1 mice at 16 months of age. APP/PS1;C3 KO mice show improved cognitive flexibility (reversal) compared to APP/PS1 mice at 16 months of age. (A) Percent of mice that reached criterion (≥80% correct choices on each individual day) in the water T-maze test. Compared to WT mice, APP/PS1 mice were impaired in acquisition (day 2) and reversal learning and memory (days 4 and 5) (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). APP/PS1;C3 KO mice performed significantly better than did APP/PS1 mice (##P < 0.01), but similar to WT and C3 KO mice, in the reversal test on days 4 and 5, suggesting better cognitive flexibility in APP/PS1;C3 KO mice compared to APP/PS1 mice. (B) In total, fewer APP/PS1 mice reached the reversal criterion (≥80% correct choices over two consecutive days) (*P < 0.05), whereas the percent of WT, C3 KO, and APP/PS1;C3 KO mice that reached criterion in the reversal test was higher compared to APP/PS1 mice (***P < 0.001), indicating that C3 deficiency in APP/PS1 mice had both age-dependent and AD-related effects (WT, n = 13; APP/PS1, n = 11; APP/PS1;C3 KO, n = 10; C3 KO, n = 11). Tests were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher’s protected least significant difference post hoc test. Qiaoqiao Shi et al., Sci Transl Med 2017;9:eaaf6295 Published by AAAS